Stanley Ian H, Boffa Joseph W, Joiner Thomas E
a Ian H. Stanley, Joseph W. Boffa, and Thomas E. Joiner are affiliated with Florida State University in Tallahassee , Florida.
Psychiatry. 2019 Spring;82(1):57-71. doi: 10.1080/00332747.2018.1485373. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
A suicide attempt is at least somewhat life-threatening by definition and is, for some, traumatic. Thus, it is possible that some individuals may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from a suicide attempt.
In this article, we consider whether one's suicide attempt could fulfill Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for a PTSD Criterion A event and contribute to the development of attendant PTSD symptoms (e.g., flashbacks, avoidance, shame/guilt, nightmares); discuss theoretical models of PTSD as they relate to suicide attempts; reflect on factors that might influence rates of suicide attempt-related PTSD; highlight methodological limitations that have hampered our understanding of suicide attempt-related PTSD; and posit areas for future scientific and clinical inquiry.
Strikingly, the degree to which a suicide attempt leads to PTSD is unknown.
We conclude with a call for research to systematically assess for suicide attempts alongside other potentially traumatic experiences (e.g., combat exposure, rape) that are included in standardized PTSD assessments.
根据定义，自杀未遂至少在一定程度上会危及生命，而且对一些人来说是创伤性的。因此，一些人有可能因自杀未遂而患上创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。
在本文中，我们探讨一个人的自杀未遂是否符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）中PTSD A类标准事件的标准，并导致随之出现的PTSD症状（如闪回、回避、羞耻/内疚、噩梦）；讨论与自杀未遂相关的PTSD理论模型；思考可能影响自杀未遂相关PTSD发生率的因素；强调阻碍我们对自杀未遂相关PTSD理解的方法学局限性；并提出未来科学和临床研究的领域。
令人惊讶的是，自杀未遂导致PTSD的程度尚不清楚。
我们呼吁进行研究，以便在标准化PTSD评估中纳入的其他潜在创伤经历（如战斗暴露、强奸）之外，系统地评估自杀未遂情况。
