National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technology, RO-3400, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Institute of Chemistry, MD-2028, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Nov;25(31):31040-31050. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3025-8. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
The Prut River, the second longest tributary of the Danube river, was investigated for a wide range of anthropogenic organic pollutants to fill the data gap on environmental contamination in eastern European surface waters. In this study, the occurrence of a wide range of organic pollutants was measured along the transboundary Prut River, between Sculeni and Branza in 2010-2012. Using two different analytical methods, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry, over 300 compounds were screened for and 88 compounds were determined in the Prut River. In general, the chemicals occurred at low levels. At the last sampling site upstream of the confluence with the Danube river at Branza, the highest average concentrations (≥ 100 ng L) were determined for the artificial sweetener acesulfame, the pharmaceuticals metformin, 4-acetamidoantipyrene, and 4,4,5,8-tetramethylchroman-2-ol, the antioxidants 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-toluene, the personal care products HHCB (galaxolide), 4-phenyl-benzophenone, and octyl dimethyl-p-aminobenzoic acid, the industrial chemical diphenylsulfone, and the sterol cholesterol. Low concentrations of agricultural pesticides occurred in the catchment. At Branza, the total accumulated load of all measured compounds was calculated to be almost 19 kg day. In comparison to the Rhine River, the loads in the Prut, determined with same LC-HRMS method for the same set of analytes, were two orders of magnitude lower. Discharge of wastewater without proper treatment from the city of Iasi in the Jijia catchment (Romania) as well as from the city of Cahul (Moldova) revealed a distinct increase in concentrations and loads in the Prut at Frasinesti and Branza. Thus, an implementation of wastewater treatment capacities in the Prut River basin would considerably reduce the loads of micropollutants from urban point sources.
普鲁特河是多瑙河的第二大支流，对其进行了广泛的人为有机污染物调查，以填补东欧地表水环境污染数据空白。在这项研究中，于 2010 年至 2012 年，在 Sculeni 和 Branza 之间的跨界普鲁特河上测量了一系列有机污染物的发生情况。使用两种不同的分析方法，气相色谱-质谱联用和液相色谱-高分辨率质谱联用，共筛选出 300 多种化合物，并在普鲁特河中确定了 88 种化合物。总体而言，这些化学物质的含量都很低。在 Branza 与多瑙河汇合处的上游最后一个采样点，人工甜味剂乙酰磺胺酸钾、药品二甲双胍、4-乙酰氨基联苯、4,4,5,8-四甲基-2-醇、抗氧化剂 2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、3-叔丁基-4-羟基茴香醚和 3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基甲苯、个人护理产品 HHCB（加洛赛洛德）、4-苯基二苯甲酮和辛基二甲基对氨基苯甲酸、工业化学品二苯砜和固醇胆固醇的浓度最高（≥100ng/L）。该流域的农业农药浓度较低。在 Branza，计算得出所有测量化合物的总累积负荷接近 19kg/d。与莱茵河相比，普鲁特河的负荷（用相同的 LC-HRMS 方法测定）低了两个数量级。来自 Jijia 集水区（罗马尼亚）伊亚什市未经适当处理的废水排放以及 Cahul 市（摩尔多瓦）的废水排放，导致 Frasinesti 和 Branza 处普鲁特河的浓度和负荷明显增加。因此，在普鲁特河流域实施废水处理能力将大大减少城市点源中微量污染物的负荷。
