Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 1 Liverpool St, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
Health Place. 2018 Sep;53:210-218. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.08.017. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
Observed increases in the frequency and intensity of heatwave events, together with the projected acceleration of these events worldwide, has led to a rapid expansion in research on the health impacts of extreme heat.
To examine how research on heatwaves and their health-related impact is distributed globally.
A systematic review was undertaken. Four online databases were searched for articles examining links between specific historical heatwave events and their impact on mortality or morbidity. The locations of these events were mapped at a global scale, and compared to other known characteristics that influence heat-related illness and death.
When examining the location of heatwave and health impact research worldwide, studies were concentrated on mid-latitude, high-income countries of low- to medium-population density. Regions projected to experience the most extreme heatwaves in the future were not represented. Furthermore, the majority of studies examined mortality as a key indicator of population-wide impact, rather than the more sensitive indicator of morbidity.
While global heatwave and health impact research is prolific in some regions, the global population most at risk of death and illness from extreme heat is under-represented. Heatwave and health impact research is needed in regions where this impact is expected to be most severe.
观察到热浪事件的频率和强度增加，以及预计全球这些事件的加速，导致对极端高温对健康影响的研究迅速扩大。
检查全球范围内关于热浪及其与健康相关影响的研究是如何分布的。
进行了系统评价。在四个在线数据库中搜索了关于特定历史热浪事件及其对死亡率或发病率影响的文章。将这些事件的地点在全球范围内进行了绘制，并与影响与热相关的疾病和死亡的其他已知特征进行了比较。
当检查全球热浪和健康影响研究的位置时，研究集中在中纬度、高收入、中低人口密度的国家。未来预计将经历最极端热浪的地区没有得到代表。此外，大多数研究将死亡率作为人群影响的关键指标进行了检查，而不是更敏感的发病率指标。
虽然在一些地区，全球热浪和健康影响研究非常丰富，但最容易受到极端高温导致死亡和疾病的全球人口却代表性不足。需要在预计影响最严重的地区进行热浪和健康影响研究。
