Lee Carol H J, Norris Pauline, Duck Isabelle M, Sibley Chris G
School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2018 Sep 5;7(3):82. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics7030082.
Patients' expectations of being prescribed antibiotics can have an important influence on inappropriate prescribing. Therefore, it is important to understand the drivers of patients' antibiotic expectations. The 2015/16 New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study measured sense of entitlement to antibiotics in a nationally representative sample of New Zealanders ( = 13,484). Participants were asked to rate their agreement with the statement "If I go to my doctor/GP with a minor illness (e.g., sore throat, cough, runny nose, etc.), I think that I should be prescribed antibiotics by default." Eighty percent of participants showed low feelings of antibiotic entitlement, while 18.5% exhibited moderate and 3.7% high feelings of entitlement. People of ethnic minority, lower socio-economic status, and with diabetes expressed higher expectations of being prescribed antibiotics. This may be partially based on a higher risk of rheumatic fever or other complications. Men, religious people, those with lower educational attainment and self-rated health, but greater psychological distress and feelings of control over their health exhibited higher feelings of antibiotic entitlement. Those high on Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Narcissism, but low on Agreeableness and Openness, also showed greater feelings of entitlement. Our findings help identify key characteristics of those more likely to express inappropriate expectations of antibiotic prescription.
患者对抗生素处方的期望会对不恰当处方产生重要影响。因此，了解患者对抗生素期望的驱动因素很重要。2015/16年新西兰态度与价值观研究在具有全国代表性的新西兰人样本（n = 13484）中测量了对抗生素的应得感。参与者被要求对“如果我因小病（如喉咙痛、咳嗽、流鼻涕等）去看医生/全科医生，我认为默认情况下我应该被开抗生素”这一陈述表示同意程度。80%的参与者对抗生素的应得感较低，而18.5%表现出中等程度，3.7%表现出高度应得感。少数民族、社会经济地位较低以及患有糖尿病的人对抗生素处方的期望更高。这可能部分基于患风湿热或其他并发症的风险较高。男性、宗教人士、教育程度较低且自我评估健康状况较差，但心理困扰较大且对自身健康有较强掌控感的人，对抗生素的应得感更高。外向性、尽责性和自恋得分高，但宜人性和开放性得分低的人，也表现出更强的应得感。我们的研究结果有助于确定那些更有可能表达对抗生素处方不恰当期望的人的关键特征。
