School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
Am J Sports Med. 2018 Oct;46(12):3023-3031. doi: 10.1177/0363546518793657. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Previous research has demonstrated clear associations between specific running injuries and patterns of lower limb kinematics. However, there has been minimal research investigating whether the same kinematic patterns could underlie multiple different soft tissue running injuries. If they do, such kinematic patterns could be considered global contributors to running injuries.
Injured runners will demonstrate differences in running kinematics when compared with injury-free controls. These kinematic patterns will be consistent among injured subgroups.
Controlled laboratory study.
The authors studied 72 injured runners and 36 healthy controls. The injured group contained 4 subgroups of runners with either patellofemoral pain, iliotibial band syndrome, medial tibial stress syndrome, or Achilles tendinopathy (n = 18 each). Three-dimensional running kinematics were compared between injured and healthy runners and then between the 4 injured subgroups. A logistic regression model was used to determine which parameters could be used to identify injured runners.
The injured runners demonstrated greater contralateral pelvic drop (CPD) and forward trunk lean at midstance and a more extended knee and dorsiflexed ankle at initial contact. The subgroup analysis of variance found that these kinematic patterns were consistent across each of the 4 injured subgroups. CPD was found to be the most important variable predicting the classification of participants as healthy or injured. Importantly, for every 1° increase in pelvic drop, there was an 80% increase in the odds of being classified as injured.
This study identified a number of global kinematic contributors to common running injuries. In particular, we found injured runners to run with greater peak CPD and trunk forward lean as well as an extended knee and dorsiflexed ankle at initial contact. CPD appears to be the variable most strongly associated with common running-related injuries.
The identified kinematic patterns may prove beneficial for clinicians when assessing for biomechanical contributors to running injuries.
先前的研究已经证明了特定跑步损伤与下肢运动学模式之间存在明确的关联。然而，对于相同的运动学模式是否可能是多种不同软组织跑步损伤的基础，研究甚少。如果确实如此，那么这些运动学模式可以被认为是跑步损伤的全局因素。
与无损伤对照组相比，受伤的跑步者在跑步运动学方面会表现出差异。这些运动学模式在受伤亚组中是一致的。
对照实验室研究。
作者研究了 72 名受伤的跑步者和 36 名健康的对照组。受伤组包含 4 个亚组的跑步者，分别患有髌股疼痛综合征、髂胫束综合征、胫骨内侧应力综合征或跟腱腱病（每组 18 人）。比较了受伤和健康跑步者之间以及 4 个受伤亚组之间的三维跑步运动学。使用逻辑回归模型确定可以用来识别受伤跑步者的参数。
受伤的跑步者在中足支撑期表现出更大的对侧骨盆下降（CPD）和前躯干倾斜，在初始接触时膝盖更伸展和踝关节更背屈。方差分析的亚组分析发现，这些运动学模式在每个受伤亚组中都是一致的。CPD 被发现是预测参与者健康或受伤分类的最重要变量。重要的是，CPD 每增加 1°，被归类为受伤的几率就会增加 80%。
本研究确定了一些常见跑步损伤的全局运动学因素。特别是，我们发现受伤的跑步者在初始接触时具有更大的峰值 CPD 和躯干前倾，以及更伸展的膝盖和背屈的脚踝。CPD 似乎是与常见跑步相关损伤最密切相关的变量。
所确定的运动学模式可能对评估跑步损伤的生物力学因素对临床医生有益。
