miR-193b and miR-30c-1 inhibit, whereas miR-576-5p enhances melanoma cell invasion .

In cancer cells, microRNAs (miRNAs) are often aberrantly expressed resulting in impaired mRNA translation. In this study we show that miR-193b and miR-30c-1 inhibit, whereas miR-576-5p accelerates invasion of various human melanoma cell lines. Using Boyden chamber invasion assays the effect of selected miRNAs on the invasive capacity of various human melanoma cell lines was analyzed. Upon gene expression profiling performed on transfected A375 cells, CTGF, THBS1, STMN1, BCL9, RAC1 and MCL1 were identified as potential targets. For target validation, qPCR, Western blot analyses or luciferase reporter assays were applied. This study reveals opposed effects of miR-193b / miR-30c-1 and miR-576-5p, respectively, on melanoma cell invasion and on expression of BCL9 and MCL1, possibly accounting for the contrasting invasive phenotypes observed in A375 cells transfected with these miRNAs. The miRNAs studied and their targets identified fit well into a model proposed by us explaining the regulation of invasion associated genes and the observed opposed phenotypes as a result of networked direct and indirect miRNA / target interactions. The results of this study suggest miR-193b and miR-30c-1 as tumor-suppressive miRNAs, whereas miR-576-5p appears as potential tumor-promoting oncomiR. Thus, miR-193b and miR-30c-1 mimics as well as antagomiRs directed against miR-576-5p might become useful tools in future therapy approaches against advanced melanoma.