Tuo Lei, Chu Xiaoshuai, Sha Sha, Zhang Xun
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang 262500, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hosptial, Tianjin 300051, China.
Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi. 2018 Sep 20;21(9):727-730. doi: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2018.09.13.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) a class of non-coding RNAs about 22 nt in size that are found in a wide range of organisms from plants, viruses to humans. MicroRNA has a wide range of biological functions. It can recruit related RNA enzymes and lead to mRNA degradation after binding to mRNA specificity, thus blocking the expression of protein encoding genes and then affecting their biological functions. In recent years, microRNA has been found to be closely related to the biological behaviors, such as the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of multiple human malignant carcinomas, and play a regulatory role in the above biological phenotypes. Lung cancer is the highest incidence of malignancy. The exact molecular mechanism of its occurrence and development has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown that microRNA plays an important role in lung tumor suppressor gene inactivation, oncogene activation and epigenetics. At the same time, there are also reports that there is a significant difference in the expression of microRNA in patients with lung cancer and benign lung diseases. This differential expression provides a basis for the feasibility of microRNA as a diagnostic and pre biological marker for lung cancer. .
微小RNA（miRNAs）是一类大小约为22个核苷酸的非编码RNA，存在于从植物、病毒到人类等广泛的生物体中。微小RNA具有广泛的生物学功能。它可以招募相关的RNA酶，并在与mRNA特异性结合后导致mRNA降解，从而阻断蛋白质编码基因的表达，进而影响其生物学功能。近年来，发现微小RNA与多种人类恶性肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭和转移等生物学行为密切相关，并在上述生物学表型中发挥调节作用。肺癌是恶性肿瘤中发病率最高的。其发生和发展的确切分子机制尚未完全阐明。先前的研究表明，微小RNA在肺肿瘤抑制基因失活、癌基因激活和表观遗传学中起重要作用。同时，也有报道称，肺癌患者与良性肺疾病患者的微小RNA表达存在显著差异。这种差异表达为微小RNA作为肺癌诊断和预后生物学标志物的可行性提供了依据。
