Ilag Leodevico L
Xerion Limited, Brighton, 3186 Victoria, Australia.
Medicines (Basel). 2018 Sep 10;5(3):102. doi: 10.3390/medicines5030102.
Three recent studies revealed synergy between immune-checkpoint inhibitors and the microbiome as a new approach in the treatment of cancer. Incidentally, there has been significant progress in understanding the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in modulating cancer and the immune system, as well as in regulating the microbiome. Inflammation seems to be the common denominator among these seemingly unrelated biological entities-immune system, the microbiome, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). This commentary presents a hypothesis proposing the existence of an optimal level of LC-PUFAs that nurtures the suitable gut microbiota preventing dysbiosis. This synergy between optimal LC-PUFAs and gut microbiota helps the immune system overcome the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment including enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. A model on how LC-PUFAs (such as omega(n)-3 and n-6 fatty acids) forms a synergistic triad with the immune system and the microbiome in regulating inflammation to maintain homeostasis is presented. The principles underlying the hypothesis provide a basis in managing and even preventing cancer and other chronic diseases associated with inflammation.
最近的三项研究揭示了免疫检查点抑制剂与微生物群之间的协同作用，这是一种治疗癌症的新方法。顺便说一句，在理解多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在调节癌症和免疫系统以及调节微生物群方面的作用方面已经取得了重大进展。炎症似乎是这些看似不相关的生物实体——免疫系统、微生物群和长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）——之间的共同特征。本评论提出了一个假说，即存在一个最佳水平的LC-PUFA，它能培育合适的肠道微生物群，防止生态失调。最佳LC-PUFA与肠道微生物群之间的这种协同作用有助于免疫系统克服免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境，包括提高免疫检查点抑制剂的疗效。本文提出了一个关于LC-PUFA（如ω(n)-3和n-6脂肪酸）如何与免疫系统和微生物群形成协同三联体以调节炎症以维持体内平衡的模型。该假说的基本原理为管理甚至预防癌症和其他与炎症相关的慢性疾病提供了基础。
