Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Dec 15;165:307-313. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.012. Epub 2018 Sep 8.
The aim of this study was to investigate spatial variation and health risk of the exposure to PM (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less) and PM (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 µm or less) in Sabzevar, Iran. PM and PM were measured during three campaigns from April to November 2017, in 26 sampling points. Spatial analysis was performed using kriging and autocorrelations (Moran's index) model in Arc GIS software. Relationship between exposure to the PM and PM and their health impacts were investigated by AirQ 2.2.3 software. The mean concentrations (and standard deviation) of PM and PM over the entire study period were 32.54 (37.28) and 42.61 (47.76) μg/m, respectively, which were higher than the guideline of World Health Organization. According to the spatial analysis, the maximum concentrations of PM and PM were around the main highway (beltway) which placed all over the south of Sabzevar. According to the Moran's index, the emission patterns for PM (Z-score = 2.53; P-value = 0.011) and PM (Z-score = 2.82; P-value = 0.004) were clustered. The attributable percentage (AP) of total mortality related to PM and PM were 3.544% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.623-4.447%) and 2.055% (95% CI: 1.379-2.721%) per increasing each 10 μg/m of these pollutants, respectively. According to observed results, it is suggested that the beltway and other pollution sources, such as industries, should be placed at a greater distance from the city, to reduce PM amounts in residential areas.
本研究旨在调查伊朗萨布泽瓦尔市细颗粒物（PM ，直径 2.5 µm 或以下）和粗颗粒物（PM ，直径 10 µm 或以下）暴露的空间变化及其健康风险。在 2017 年 4 月至 11 月的三次采样活动中，在 26 个采样点测量了 PM 和 PM 。使用 ArcGIS 软件中的克里金插值和自相关（莫兰指数）模型进行空间分析。使用 AirQ 2.2.3 软件研究了 PM 和 PM 暴露及其对健康的影响之间的关系。整个研究期间，PM 和 PM 的平均浓度（标准差）分别为 32.54（37.28）和 42.61（47.76）μg/m ，均高于世界卫生组织的指导值。根据空间分析，PM 和 PM 的最高浓度出现在环绕萨布泽瓦尔南部的主要高速公路（环城公路）周围。根据莫兰指数，PM （Z 得分= 2.53；P 值= 0.011）和 PM （Z 得分= 2.82；P 值= 0.004）的排放模式呈聚集分布。每增加 10μg/m 这些污染物，总死亡率与 PM 和 PM 相关的归因百分比（AP）分别为 3.544%（95%置信区间（CI）：2.623-4.447%）和 2.055%（95% CI：1.379-2.721%）。根据观察结果，建议将环城公路和其他污染源（如工业）放置在远离城市的地方，以减少居民区的 PM 含量。
