Lydon-Staley David M, Bassett Danielle S
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2018 Aug 28;9:1576. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01576. eCollection 2018.
Imbalance models of adolescent brain development attribute the increasing engagement in substance use during adolescence to within-person changes in the functional balance between the neural systems underlying socio-emotional, incentive processing, and cognitive control. However, the experimental designs and analytic techniques used to date do not lend themselves to explicit tests of how and in socio-emotional processing and cognitive control place individual adolescents at risk for substance use. For a more complete articulation and a more stringent test of these models, we highlight the promise and challenges of using intensive longitudinal designs and analysis techniques that encompass many (often >10) within-person measurement occasions. Use of intensive longitudinal designs will lend researchers the tools required to make within-person inferences in individual adolescents that will ultimately align imbalance models of adolescent substance use with the methodological frameworks used to test them.
青少年大脑发育的失衡模型将青少年时期物质使用行为的增加归因于社会情感、动机加工和认知控制背后的神经系统之间功能平衡的个体内部变化。然而，迄今为止所使用的实验设计和分析技术并不适用于明确测试社会情感加工和认知控制中的方式和变化如何使个体青少年面临物质使用的风险。为了更完整地阐述并更严格地检验这些模型，我们强调了使用密集纵向设计和分析技术的前景与挑战，这些设计和技术涵盖了许多（通常>10）个体内部测量场合。使用密集纵向设计将为研究人员提供工具，以便在个体青少年中进行个体内部推断，这最终将使青少年物质使用的失衡模型与用于检验它们的方法框架保持一致。
