1 Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
2 Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2019 Jul;50(4):273-282. doi: 10.1177/1550059418800889. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
There have been increasing efforts to investigate the effects of neuromodulation techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), on cognitive impairment in dementia and related conditions. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed the efficacy of multisession anodal tDCS compared with sham stimulation for improving global cognition and specific cognitive domains in both Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Eight articles meeting the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis were selected. Five studies used the Mini-Mental State Examination to examine mild cognitive impairment and dementia. In a fixed-effect model, there was a mean difference in the change score of -0.13 points. Three trials for dementia using the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognition showed a mean difference of -0.53 points. At present, there is a lack of clear evidence concerning the efficacy of multisession anodal tDCS due to the small number of studies and different measures used. This underscores the need for further investigations using larger samples and common outcome measures.
人们越来越努力地研究神经调节技术（如经颅直流电刺激（tDCS））对痴呆和相关疾病认知障碍的影响。在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们评估了多疗程阳极 tDCS 与假刺激相比，在改善阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍患者的整体认知和特定认知领域方面的疗效。有 8 篇符合纳入荟萃分析标准的文章被选中。五项研究使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）来检查轻度认知障碍和痴呆。在固定效应模型中，变化分数的平均差异为 -0.13 分。三项使用阿尔茨海默病评估量表认知（ADAS-Cog）的痴呆试验的平均差异为 -0.53 分。目前，由于研究数量少且使用的测量方法不同，多疗程阳极 tDCS 的疗效尚缺乏明确证据。这凸显了需要使用更大的样本和共同的结果测量方法进行进一步的研究。
