Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018 Nov;132:271-280. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.09.013. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
The combined use of elicitors can be an effective way to increase the production of secondary metabolites (SMs) in plant cell, tissue and organ cultures. This study investigated the effects of a salicylic acid (SA) pretreatment and different glucose levels on the growth, biochemical traits and taxane production in a Taxus baccata callus culture. For this purpose, after a pretreatment with SA (5 μM), three-month-old calli were cultured on B5 medium fortified with different concentrations of glucose (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3%), and they were compared with calli cultured on a B5 medium supplemented only with glucose. When the calli were harvested at 21 days, their fresh weight (g), dry weight (g) and cell viability (%) had decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with the higher glucose concentrations. The glucose treatment increased the hydrogen peroxide (HO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and caused oxidative stress in treated tissues. The lower HO content and oxidative stress was associated with an increased antioxidant enzyme activity in the SA-pretreated samples, which resulted in less membrane damage and improved growth and cell viability under the glucose treatment compared to the control. By reducing the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), the SA pretreatment reduced the production and oxidation of phenolic compounds under the glucose treatment; this decrease was associated with less browning of tissues and higher viability. Increases in taxol (5.1-fold) and total taxanes (3.5-fold) in the SA-pretreated calli cultured on the medium containing 2% glucose, compared to the control, indicated that the two treatments had a significant effect on taxane production in the T. baccata callus culture.
植物细胞、组织和器官培养中，诱导子的联合使用可以成为增加次生代谢产物（SMs）产量的有效方法。本研究探讨了水杨酸（SA）预处理和不同葡萄糖水平对欧洲红豆杉愈伤组织培养物生长、生化特性和紫杉烷产量的影响。为此，在 5 μM SA 预处理后，将 3 个月大的愈伤组织在 B5 培养基上培养，培养基中添加不同浓度的葡萄糖（0、0.5、1、2 和 3%），并与仅在 B5 培养基中添加葡萄糖的愈伤组织进行比较。当在 21 天时收获愈伤组织时，其鲜重（g）、干重（g）和细胞活力（%）随着葡萄糖浓度的增加而显著下降（p<0.05）。葡萄糖处理增加了过氧化氢（HO）和丙二醛（MDA）的含量，并导致处理组织发生氧化应激。在 SA 预处理的样品中，较低的 HO 含量和氧化应激与抗氧化酶活性的增加相关，这导致在葡萄糖处理下膜损伤减少，生长和细胞活力提高，与对照相比。通过降低苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）的活性，SA 预处理减少了葡萄糖处理下酚类化合物的产生和氧化；这种减少与组织褐变减少和活力提高有关。与对照相比，在含 2%葡萄糖的培养基中培养的 SA 预处理愈伤组织中紫杉醇（5.1 倍）和总紫杉烷（3.5 倍）的增加表明，这两种处理方法对欧洲红豆杉愈伤组织中紫杉烷的生产有显著影响。
