Singh Prashant, Santoni Sylvain, This Patrice, Péros Jean-Pierre
AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, 34000 Montpellier, France.
Microorganisms. 2018 Sep 21;6(4):96. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms6040096.
Plant surface or phyllosphere is the habitat of hyperdiverse microbial communities and it is always exposed to the fluctuating environmental factors, which is thought to be one of the potential drivers of microbial community structuring. Impact of grapevine genotypes in variable environmental factors (i.e., at different geographic locations) on the phyllosphere has never been studied and is the main objective of this report. Using high throughput short amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and internal transcribed spacer (ITS), we analyzed the impacts of genotypes of (coming from three genetic pool), on the microbial (bacterial and fungal) assemblage in the phyllosphere. First, we performed the analysis of the phyllosphere microbiome while using fifteen genotypes that were chosen to maximize intra-specific diversity and grown in two Mediterranean vineyards. Then, the same analysis was performed on five commercially important varieties of that were sampled from three different French agro-climatic zones (or terroir: a combination of climate, soils, and human practices). Our study revealed that, at a particular geographic location, genotypes have an impact on microbial assemblage in the phyllosphere and carposphere of leaf and fruit (or berries), respectively, which is more prominent on the carposphere but the effect of terroir was much stronger than the genotype when the leaf phyllosphere of five grapevine varieties grown in different agro-climatic zones was compared. Impacts of the season and exterior plant organs (leaf and berries) on microbial taxa structuring in the phyllosphere was also assessed and presented in this report.
植物表面或叶际是高度多样化微生物群落的栖息地，且始终暴露于不断变化的环境因素中，这被认为是微生物群落结构形成的潜在驱动因素之一。葡萄基因型在可变环境因素（即不同地理位置）下对叶际的影响从未被研究过，这是本报告的主要目标。通过对16S rRNA基因和内转录间隔区（ITS）进行高通量短扩增子测序，我们分析了（来自三个基因库的）基因型对叶际微生物（细菌和真菌）群落的影响。首先，我们在两个地中海葡萄园种植了15个基因型，这些基因型经过挑选以最大化种内多样性，然后对叶际微生物组进行分析。接着，对从三个不同法国农业气候区（或风土：气候、土壤和人类活动的组合）采样的五个商业上重要的葡萄品种进行了同样的分析。我们的研究表明，在特定地理位置，基因型分别对叶片和果实（或浆果）的叶际和果际微生物群落有影响，在果际更为显著，但当比较在不同农业气候区种植的五个葡萄品种的叶片叶际时，风土的影响比基因型要强得多。本报告还评估并呈现了季节和外部植物器官（叶片和浆果）对叶际微生物分类群结构的影响。
