Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, 111221, Colombia.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2018 Sep 26;7(1):163. doi: 10.1038/s41426-018-0163-5.
Mayaro virus (MAYV), an enveloped RNA virus, belongs to the Togaviridae family and Alphavirus genus. This arthropod-borne virus (Arbovirus) is similar to Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). The term "ChikDenMaZika syndrome" has been coined for clinically suspected arboviruses, which have arisen as a consequence of the high viral burden, viral co-infection, and co-circulation in South America. In most cases, MAYV disease is nonspecific, mild, and self-limited. Fever, arthralgia, and maculopapular rash are among the most common symptoms described, being largely indistinguishable from those caused by other arboviruses. However, severe manifestations of the infection have been reported, such as chronic polyarthritis, neurological complications, hemorrhage, myocarditis, and even death. Currently, there are no specific commercial tools for the diagnosis of MAYV, and the use of serological methods can be affected by cross-reactivity and the window period. A diagnosis based on clinical and epidemiological data alone is still premature. Therefore, new entomological research is warranted, and new highly specific molecular diagnostic methods should be developed. This comprehensive review is intended to encourage public health authorities and scientific communities to actively work on diagnosing, preventing, and treating MAYV infection.
马亚罗病毒（MAYV）是一种包膜 RNA 病毒，属于披膜病毒科和甲病毒属。这种虫媒病毒（Arbovirus）与基孔肯雅热（CHIKV）、登革热（DENV）和寨卡病毒（ZIKV）相似。由于高病毒载量、病毒合并感染和在南美洲的共同传播，出现了一种被称为“基孔肯雅热-登革热-马亚罗热-寨卡病毒综合征”的临床疑似虫媒病毒。在大多数情况下，MAYV 病是非特异性的、轻微的且自限性的。发热、关节痛和斑丘疹是最常见的症状，与其他虫媒病毒引起的症状基本无法区分。然而，已经有报道称该感染存在严重的表现，如慢性多发性关节炎、神经系统并发症、出血、心肌炎，甚至死亡。目前，尚无针对 MAYV 的特异性商业诊断工具，血清学方法的使用可能受到交叉反应和窗口期的影响。仅基于临床和流行病学数据的诊断仍然不成熟。因此，有必要进行新的昆虫学研究，并开发新的高度特异性分子诊断方法。本综述旨在鼓励公共卫生当局和科学界积极开展 MAYV 感染的诊断、预防和治疗工作。
