Seeman Mary V
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5P 3L6, Canada.
World J Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 20;8(3):75-78. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v8.i3.75.
Nightmares occur more frequently in patients with schizophrenia than they do in the general population. Nightmares are profoundly distressing and may exacerbate daytime psychotic symptoms and undermine day-to-day function. Clinicians do not often ask about nightmares in the context of psychotic illness and patients may underreport them or, if nightmares are reported, they may be disregarded; it may be assumed that they will disappear with antipsychotic medication and that they do not, therefore, require separate intervention. This is a missed opportunity because Image Rehearsal Therapy, among other psychological and pharmacological interventions, has proven effective for nightmares in non-schizophrenia populations and should be considered at an early stage of psychotic illness as an important adjunct to standard treatment. There is active ongoing research in this field, which will undoubtedly benefit patients with schizophrenia in the future.
精神分裂症患者比普通人群更频繁地出现噩梦。噩梦会带来极大的痛苦，可能会加重白天的精神病症状并损害日常功能。临床医生在精神病患者的诊疗过程中并不经常询问噩梦情况，患者可能会少报噩梦，或者即使报告了噩梦，也可能被忽视；人们可能认为噩梦会随着抗精神病药物治疗而消失，因此不需要单独干预。这是一个错失的机会，因为除了其他心理和药物干预措施外，意象演练疗法已被证明对非精神分裂症人群的噩梦有效，应在精神病病程早期就作为标准治疗的重要辅助手段加以考虑。该领域目前正在进行积极的研究，无疑将在未来造福精神分裂症患者。
