Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa.
Biomater Sci. 2018 Oct 24;6(11):2812-2837. doi: 10.1039/c8bm00422f.
Biomaterials are being utilized to engender biomimetic, pro-regenerative constructs in the form of 3D scaffolds to augment functional neural tissue (brain tissue) repair and regeneration. Tissue engineered three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have shown various degrees of experimental success, indicating great potential for development as treatment options. However, there is yet to be a 3D scaffold that exhibits consummate results of an effective clinical standard. Critical assessment of the performance of current 3D scaffolds could provide insightful feedback for tailoring future 3D scaffolds towards more promising results. This review provides a critical analysis of current 3D scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. Architectural properties, such as porosity, swelling, and architectural influences, such as design approach and polymeric material choice, were scrutinized for suitability for the desired tissue target properties. Success and shortcomings of various 3D scaffolds were evaluated through the analysis of tissue integration of the 3D scaffold in vivo. Investigations focused on in this review included those: (1) reporting at an in vivo experimental level in animal models, (2) involving polymer-based (natural/synthetic) scaffolds described as possessing a '3D' architecture, (3) targeting brain tissue regeneration (4) published from 2011 onward.
生物材料被用于生成仿生、促进再生的结构，其形式为 3D 支架，以增强功能性神经组织（脑组织）的修复和再生。组织工程三维（3D）支架已经显示出不同程度的实验成功，表明它们具有很大的发展潜力，可以作为治疗选择。然而，目前还没有一种 3D 支架能够达到有效的临床标准的完美效果。对当前 3D 支架性能的严格评估可以为未来 3D 支架的定制提供有价值的反馈，以实现更有前途的结果。
本综述对神经组织工程用的当前 3D 支架进行了批判性分析。从适合目标组织特性的角度出发，对支架的建筑属性（如孔隙率、溶胀性和建筑影响，如设计方法和聚合物材料选择）进行了严格的评估。通过分析 3D 支架在体内的组织整合情况，评估了各种 3D 支架的成功和不足之处。本综述重点关注以下几个方面：（1）在动物模型中的体内实验水平进行报道，（2）涉及被描述为具有“3D”结构的聚合物基（天然/合成）支架，（3）针对脑组织再生，（4）发表于 2011 年以后。
