García-Díaz Vanesa, Lana-Pérez Alberto, Fernández-Feito Ana, Bringas-Molleda Carolina, Rodríguez-Franco Luis, Rodríguez-Díaz F Javier
Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España.
Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España.
Aten Primaria. 2018 Aug-Sep;50(7):398-405. doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
To explore the association between gender-role attitudes and the recognition of abuse among adolescents and young adults during dating relationships.
Cross-correlation study.
57 schools of secondary education, vocational education and university in five provinces of Spain (Huelva, Seville, A Coruña, Pontevedra and Asturias).
4,337 students aged between 15 and 26 years (40.6% males and 59.4% female) who had a dating relationship that lasted more than a month.
The Gender Role Attitudes Scale was used, which consists of 20 indicators of egalitarian or sexism attitudes at the family, social and occupational level. The students also reported whether they suffered from recognized abuse (RA), unperceived abuse (UPA), or not abused (NA).
In the whole sample, 68.6% declared themselves NA, 26.4% were under a situation of UPA, and 5.0% were RA. The RA group was more frequent among the females (6.3%), ≥18 years (6.4%) and university students (6.9%). UPA was more common in males (30.2%). The most sexist attitudes were found in the occupational dimension and especially in men and adolescents (15-17 years). Less sexist attitudes were associated with a lower probability of experiencing UPA (odds ratio=.71; P-trend<.001).
Sexism seems to hinder the recognition of abuse. Achieving gender equity in adolescence and youth is imperative. Public health efforts should focus on men, as they constitute the group with more sexist attitudes and with higher prevalence of UPA.
探讨青少年和青年在恋爱关系中性别角色态度与虐待认知之间的关联。
交叉相关性研究。
西班牙五个省份（韦尔瓦、塞维利亚、拉科鲁尼亚、蓬特韦德拉和阿斯图里亚斯）的57所中等教育、职业教育和大学学校。
4337名年龄在15至26岁之间的学生（男性占40.6%，女性占59.4%），他们有持续一个多月的恋爱关系。
使用性别角色态度量表，该量表由家庭、社会和职业层面的20个平等主义或性别歧视态度指标组成。学生们还报告了他们是否遭受过公认的虐待（RA）、未察觉的虐待（UPA）或未受虐待（NA）。
在整个样本中，68.6%的人宣称自己未受虐待，26.4%的人处于未察觉虐待的情况，5.0%的人遭受了公认的虐待。公认的虐待组在女性（6.3%）、≥18岁（6.4%）和大学生（6.9%）中更为常见。未察觉的虐待在男性中更为普遍（30.2%）。在职业维度中发现了最具性别歧视的态度，尤其是在男性和青少年（15 - 17岁）中。性别歧视态度较少与经历未察觉虐待的可能性较低相关（优势比 = 0.71；P趋势 < 0.001）。
性别歧视似乎阻碍了对虐待的认知。在青少年和青年时期实现性别平等势在必行。公共卫生工作应侧重于男性，因为他们是性别歧视态度较多且未察觉虐待患病率较高的群体。
