Mock Josef, Bobinger Marco, Bogner Christian, Lugli Paolo, Becherer Markus
Chair of Nanoelectronics, Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany.
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano-Bozen, Italy.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2018 Sep 28;8(10):767. doi: 10.3390/nano8100767.
Copper nanowires (CuNWs) have increasingly become subjected to academic and industrial research, which is attributed to their good performance as a transparent electrode (TE) material that competes with the one of indium tin oxide (ITO). Recently, an environmentally friendly and aqueous synthesis of CuNWs was demonstrated, without the use of hydrazine that is known for its unfavorable properties. In this work, we extend the current knowledge for the aqueous synthesis of CuNWs by studying their up-scaling potential. This potential is an important aspect for the commercialization and further development of CuNW-based devices. Due to the scalability and homogeneity of the deposition process, spray coating was selected to produce films with a low sheet resistance of 7.6 Ω/sq. and an optical transmittance of 77%, at a wavelength of 550 nm. Further, we present a comprehensive investigation of the degradation of CuNWs when subjected to different environmental stresses such as the exposure to ambient air, elevated temperatures, high electrical currents, moisture or ultraviolet (UV) light. For the oxidation process, a model is derived to describe the dependence of the breakdown time with the temperature and the initial resistance. Finally, polymer coatings made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), as well as oxide coatings composed of electron beam evaporated silicon dioxide (SiO₂) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) are tested to hinder the oxidation of the CuNW films under current flow.
铜纳米线（CuNWs）越来越受到学术和工业研究的关注，这归因于它们作为透明电极（TE）材料具有良好的性能，可与氧化铟锡（ITO）相媲美。最近，人们展示了一种环境友好的水相合成CuNWs的方法，无需使用具有不良性质的肼。在这项工作中，我们通过研究其放大潜力来扩展当前关于CuNWs水相合成的知识。这种潜力对于基于CuNWs的器件的商业化和进一步发展是一个重要方面。由于沉积过程的可扩展性和均匀性，选择喷雾涂层来制备薄膜，该薄膜在550nm波长下具有7.6Ω/sq的低方块电阻和77%的光学透过率。此外，我们对CuNWs在不同环境应力下的降解进行了全面研究，这些应力包括暴露于环境空气中、升高温度、高电流、湿气或紫外线（UV）光。对于氧化过程，推导了一个模型来描述击穿时间与温度和初始电阻的关系。最后，测试了由聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）制成的聚合物涂层，以及由电子束蒸发的二氧化硅（SiO₂）和氧化铝（Al₂O₃）组成的氧化物涂层，以在电流流动下阻碍CuNW薄膜的氧化。
