Department of Cosmeceutics , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan.
Department of Nursing , Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management , Sindian District, New Taipei City 23143 , Taiwan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Oct 17;66(41):10748-10759. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04555. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
β-Sitosterol is a well known phytosterol in plants, but owing to its poor solubility in typical media, determining its cellular mechanisms has been proven to be difficult. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of β-sitosterol (BSS) isolated from Moringa oleifera in two cell lines. Over a dose range of 7.5 to 30 μM, BSS dispersed well in the medium as nanoparticles with diameters of 50 ± 5 nm and suppressed the secretion of inflammatory factors from keratinocytes and macrophages induced by PGN, TNF-α, or LPS, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and ROS, separately. In addition, BSS significantly reduced the expression of NLRP3, a key component of NLRP3 inflammasomes, and inhibited the activation of caspase-1. There was partial inhibition of NF-κB in macrophages. This is the first study to report an increase in the solubility of nearly water-insoluble phytosterols via the formation of nanoparticles and to delineate the formulation's capacity to inhibit the signal transduction pathways of inflammation in macrophages.
β-谷甾醇是植物中一种众所周知的植物甾醇，但由于其在典型介质中的溶解度较差，因此证明其细胞机制难以确定。在这项研究中，我们研究了从辣木中分离出的β-谷甾醇（BSS）在两种细胞系中的抗炎活性。在 7.5 至 30 μM 的剂量范围内，BSS 很好地分散在介质中，形成直径为 50 ± 5nm 的纳米颗粒，并抑制 PGN、TNF-α 或 LPS 诱导的角质形成细胞和巨噬细胞中炎症因子的分泌，如 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8 和 ROS 分别。此外，BSS 还显著降低了 NLRP3 的表达，NLRP3 是 NLRP3 炎性小体的关键组成部分，并抑制了半胱天冬酶-1 的激活。在巨噬细胞中 NF-κB 有部分抑制。这是第一项通过形成纳米颗粒增加几乎不溶于水的植物甾醇溶解度的研究，并阐明了该配方抑制巨噬细胞中炎症信号转导通路的能力。
