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BMCGM：车联网中基于行为经济学的消息传输合作保障机制

BMCGM: A Behavior Economics-Based Message Transmission Cooperation Guarantee Mechanism in Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks.

机构信息

School of Software, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China.

School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2018 Oct 3;18(10):3316. doi: 10.3390/s18103316.

DOI:10.3390/s18103316
PMID:30282937
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6210719/
Abstract

Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET) is a special mobile ad hoc network that composed of facilities such as vehicle nodes and roadside units. Message transfer among vehicle nodes has been a great challenge due to the network's highly variable topology and the selfish nature of vehicle nodes. Thus, it is very necessary to propose a mechanism to improve the cooperation among vehicle nodes to guarantee the effective message transmission. Currently, incentive-based cooperation mechanisms are commonly used to encourage nodes to participate in message transmission. Those mechanisms are based on traditional economics and generally assume that the decision-making behavior of nodes is completely independent. Also, the cooperation of nodes depends on whether the cooperation behavior can obtain the higher utility. But researches in behavioral economics have shown that due to the existence of altruistic reciprocity, the behavior of nodes is affected by not only their utility but also the behavioral motives of other nodes, so as to obtain different results from traditional incentive-based mechanisms. Therefore, the paper introduces the reciprocal altruistic from behavioral economics and proposes the reciprocal altruistic factor to reconstruct the utility function of nodes. The reconstructed utility function reflects the interaction of behavioral motives among nodes, which promotes the node's cooperative behavior. Also, since the Network Formation Game (NFG) is a common mathematical model for studying the interaction and communication links formation among network nodes, hence the paper regards NFG in traditional economics as the research object. A Behavior Economics-based Message Transmission Cooperation Guarantee Mechanism named BMCGM is proposed, which motivates nodes to participate in the message transmission to reduce the transmission delay ratio. The simulation results show that the BMCGM reduces message transmission delay by at least 30.3% compared with the recent representative cooperation transmission mechanism.

摘要

车联网（VANET）是一种特殊的移动自组织网络，由车辆节点和路边单元等设施组成。由于网络拓扑高度变化和车辆节点的自私性质，车辆节点之间的消息传输一直是一个巨大的挑战。因此，非常有必要提出一种机制来提高车辆节点之间的合作，以保证有效的消息传输。目前，基于激励的合作机制通常用于鼓励节点参与消息传输。这些机制基于传统经济学，通常假设节点的决策行为是完全独立的。此外，节点的合作取决于合作行为是否能获得更高的效用。但是，行为经济学的研究表明，由于利他互惠的存在，节点的行为不仅受其效用的影响，还受其他节点行为动机的影响，因此会得到与传统激励机制不同的结果。因此，本文从行为经济学中引入了互惠利他主义，并提出了互惠利他因素来重构节点的效用函数。重构后的效用函数反映了节点之间行为动机的相互作用，从而促进了节点的合作行为。此外，由于网络形成博弈（NFG）是研究网络节点之间的交互和通信链路形成的常用数学模型，因此本文将传统经济学中的 NFG 作为研究对象。提出了一种基于行为经济学的消息传输合作保证机制（BMCGM），激励节点参与消息传输，以减少传输延迟比。仿真结果表明，与最近的代表性合作传输机制相比，BMCGM 至少减少了 30.3%的消息传输延迟。

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