Hartkopf Julia, Schleger Franziska, Keune Jana, Wiechers Cornelia, Pauluschke-Froehlich Jan, Weiss Magdalene, Conzelmann Annette, Brucker Sara, Preissl Hubert, Kiefer-Schmidt Isabelle
Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tuebingen, Germany.
Front Physiol. 2018 Sep 19;9:1278. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01278. eCollection 2018.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which is already known to be a risk factor for pathological intrauterine development, perinatal mortality, and morbidity, is now also assumed to cause both physical and cognitive alterations in later child development. In the current study, effects of IUGR on infantile brain function were investigated during the fetal period and in a follow-up developmental assessment during early childhood. During the fetal period, visual and auditory event-related responses (VER and AER) were recorded using fetal magnetoencephalography (fMEG). VER latencies were analyzed in 73 fetuses (14 IUGR fetuses) while AER latencies were analyzed in 66 fetuses (11 IUGR fetuses). Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition (BSID-II) were used to assess the developmental status of the infants at the age of 24 months. The Mental Development Index (MDI) was available from 66 children (8 IUGR fetuses) and the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) from 63 children (7 IUGR fetuses). Latencies to visual stimulation were more delayed in IUGR than in small for gestational age (SGA) or appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses, albeit not to any significant extent ( = 0.282). The MDI in former IUGR infants was significantly lower ( = 0.044) than in former SGA and AGA infants. However, IUGR had no impact on PDI ( = 0.213). These findings support the hypothesis that IUGR may constitute a risk factor for neurodevelopmental delay. Further investigation of the possible underlying mechanisms, as well as continued long-term developmental research, is therefore necessary.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）已知是病理性宫内发育、围产期死亡率和发病率的一个风险因素，现在还被认为会在儿童后期发育中导致身体和认知方面的改变。在本研究中，对宫内生长受限在胎儿期以及幼儿期后续发育评估期间对婴儿脑功能的影响进行了调查。在胎儿期，使用胎儿脑磁图（fMEG）记录视觉和听觉事件相关反应（VER和AER）。对73例胎儿（14例宫内生长受限胎儿）的VER潜伏期进行了分析，同时对66例胎儿（11例宫内生长受限胎儿）的AER潜伏期进行了分析。使用贝利婴儿发育量表第二版（BSID-II）评估24个月大婴儿的发育状况。66名儿童（8例宫内生长受限胎儿）有心理发展指数（MDI）数据，63名儿童（7例宫内生长受限胎儿）有心理运动发展指数（PDI）数据。宫内生长受限胎儿对视觉刺激的潜伏期比小于胎龄（SGA）或适于胎龄（AGA）的胎儿延迟更明显，尽管未达到显著程度（ = 0.282）。 former IUGR婴儿的MDI显著低于 former SGA和AGA婴儿（ = 0.044）。然而，宫内生长受限对PDI没有影响（ = 0.213）。这些发现支持了宫内生长受限可能构成神经发育延迟风险因素的假设。因此，有必要进一步研究可能的潜在机制，并继续进行长期发育研究。
