Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2019 Mar;21(3):550-559. doi: 10.1111/dom.13551. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
To evaluate the impact of one-year high intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with resistance training (RT) vs continuous moderate intensity training (MCT) combined with RT on glycaemic control, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
A randomized controlled trial included 96 participants with type 2 diabetes for a one-year supervised exercise intervention with three groups: Control, HIIT with RT and MCT with RT). The control group received standard counseling regarding general PA guidelines, with no structured exercise sessions. The main outcome variable was HbA1c (%). Secondary outcomes were other glycaemic variables, body composition, anthropometry measurements, CRF and enjoyment of exercise. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model outcomes.
Among the 96 participants enrolled in the intervention, 80 were randomized, with a mean (SD) age of 58.5 years (7.7) and a mean HbA1c of 7.2% (1.6). After adjusting the model for sex and total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), we found that both the MCT with RT (β, 0.003; P, 0.921) and the HIIT with RT (β, 0.025; P, 0.385) groups had no effect on HbA1c. A favourable effect was observed in the MCT with RT group, with a reduction in whole body fat index (β, -0.062; P, 0.022), android fat index (β, -0.010; P, 0.010) and gynoid fat index (β, -0.013; P, 0.014). Additionally, CRF increased during the intervention, but only in the MCT with RT group (β, 0.185; P, 0.019).
The results from this study suggest that there was no effect of either MCT with RT or HIIT with RT on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the combination of MCT and RT improved body composition and CRF following a one-year intervention.
评估为期一年的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与阻力训练（RT）联合与持续中等强度训练（MCT）与 RT 联合对 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制、身体成分和心肺功能（CRF）的影响。
一项随机对照试验纳入了 96 名 2 型糖尿病患者，进行了为期一年的监督运动干预，分为三组：对照组、HIIT 与 RT 组和 MCT 与 RT 组。对照组接受了关于一般 PA 指南的标准咨询，但没有进行结构化的运动课程。主要结局变量为 HbA1c（%）。次要结局变量为其他血糖变量、身体成分、人体测量学测量、CRF 和运动的享受。使用广义估计方程（GEE）对结果进行建模。
在纳入的 96 名干预患者中，80 名被随机分配，平均（SD）年龄为 58.5 岁（7.7），平均 HbA1c 为 7.2%（1.6）。调整性别和总中等至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）模型后，我们发现 MCT 与 RT 组（β，0.003；P，0.921）和 HIIT 与 RT 组（β，0.025；P，0.385）对 HbA1c 均无影响。MCT 与 RT 组观察到有利的效果，全身脂肪指数（β，-0.062；P，0.022）、安卓脂肪指数（β，-0.010；P，0.010）和女性脂肪指数（β，-0.013；P，0.014）降低。此外，干预期间 CRF 增加，但仅在 MCT 与 RT 组（β，0.185；P，0.019）。
本研究结果表明，MCT 与 RT 或 HIIT 与 RT 对 2 型糖尿病患者的血糖控制均无影响。然而，MCT 与 RT 的联合在一年干预后改善了身体成分和 CRF。
