肝脏磁共振弹性成像：最新进展

Magnetic Resonance Elastography of Liver: Current Update.

作者信息

Hoodeshenas Safa, Yin Meng, Venkatesh Sudhakar Kundapur

机构信息

Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

出版信息

Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2018 Oct;27(5):319-333. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0000000000000177.

The first clinical application of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) was in the evaluation of chronic liver disease (CLD) for detection and staging of liver fibrosis. In the past 10 years, MRE has been incorporated seamlessly into a standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) liver protocol worldwide. Liver MRE is a robust technique for evaluation of liver stiffness and is currently the most accurate noninvasive imaging technology for evaluation of liver fibrosis. Newer MRE sequences including spin-echo MRE and 3 dimensional MRE have helped in reducing the technical limitations of clinical liver MRE that is performed with 2D gradient recalled echo (GRE) MRE. Advances in MRE technology have led to understanding of newer mechanical parameters such as dispersion, attenuation, and viscoelasticity that may be useful in evaluating pathological processes in CLD and may prove useful in their management.This review article will describe the changes in CLD that cause an increase in stiffness followed by principle and technique of liver MRE. In the later part of the review, we will briefly discuss the advances in liver MRE.

磁共振弹性成像（MRE）的首次临床应用是在慢性肝病（CLD）的评估中，用于肝纤维化的检测和分期。在过去十年中，MRE已在全球范围内无缝纳入标准的磁共振成像（MRI）肝脏检查方案。肝脏MRE是评估肝脏硬度的一项可靠技术，目前是评估肝纤维化最准确的非侵入性成像技术。包括自旋回波MRE和三维MRE在内的更新的MRE序列，有助于减少使用二维梯度回波（GRE）MRE进行临床肝脏MRE时的技术限制。MRE技术的进步使人们对诸如弥散、衰减和粘弹性等更新的力学参数有了认识，这些参数可能有助于评估CLD中的病理过程，并且可能在其管理中证明有用。这篇综述文章将描述导致硬度增加的CLD变化，随后介绍肝脏MRE的原理和技术。在综述的后半部分，我们将简要讨论肝脏MRE的进展。