更年期女性心血管风险评估：一项横断面研究。
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk in Climacteric Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Dos Santos Mota Martha Pantel, Gomes Moura Isabel Cristina, Marinho Ricardo Mello, Sternick Eduardo Back, Almeida Alessandra Maciel
机构信息
Post Graduation Program in Health Sciences at Medical Sciences Faculty, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
出版信息
J Midlife Health. 2018 Jul-Sep;9(3):123-129. doi: 10.4103/jmh.JMH_67_18.
PURPOSE
To identify cardiovascular risk factors in women between 40 and 65 years old in two private clinic of gynecology in Minas Gerais.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study from January/2016 to January/2017 in 137 climacteric women. A standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate socio-demographic characteristics, climacteric phases, cardiovascular risk factors, menopause (age, time and type), number of pregnancies, normal births, abortions, partners and hormonal therapy. The evaluation model was used according to the Framingham risk score.
RESULTS
The median age was 47 years, and 35% were postmenopausal. The majority were married and 42.3% caucasian. Abdominal circumference greater than 80 cm was observed in 87.6%, and greater than 88 cm in 67.2%. High total cholesterol (TC) was observed in 48.2%. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) were observed in 42.3%. Elevated levels were observed for low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) in 39.4%, triglycerides in 29.9%, and fasting glucose in 8.8%. Also, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were considered high in 25.5% cases. Postmenopausal women presented higher values of TC and HDL-c. Analysis of the Framingham risk score revealed a higher cardiovascular risk for postmenopausal women. Higher values of waist circumference, glycemia and triglycerides were observed for women with higher cardiovascular risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Postmenopausal women had a higher risk of cardiovascular events when compared to premenopausal ones.
目的
在米纳斯吉拉斯州的两家私立妇科诊所中，确定40至65岁女性的心血管危险因素。
方法
2016年1月至2017年1月对137名更年期女性进行横断面研究。使用标准化问卷评估社会人口学特征、更年期阶段、心血管危险因素、绝经情况（年龄、时间和类型）、怀孕次数、顺产、流产、伴侣及激素治疗情况。根据弗明汉风险评分使用评估模型。
结果
中位年龄为47岁，35%为绝经后女性。大多数为已婚，42.3%为白种人。87.6%的女性腹围大于80 cm，67.2%大于88 cm。48.2%的女性总胆固醇（TC）水平高。42.3%的女性高密度脂蛋白（HDL-c）水平低。39.4%的女性低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）水平升高，29.9%的女性甘油三酯水平升高，8.8%的女性空腹血糖升高。此外，25.5%的病例收缩压和舒张压被认为偏高。绝经后女性的TC和HDL-c值更高。弗明汉风险评分分析显示绝经后女性心血管风险更高。心血管风险较高的女性腰围、血糖和甘油三酯值更高。
结论
与绝经前女性相比，绝经后女性发生心血管事件的风险更高。
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