Department of Psychology, Stanford University.
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia.
Psychol Rev. 2018 Oct;125(5):617-655. doi: 10.1037/rev0000115.
Long-standing social problems such as poor achievement, personal and intergroup conflict, bad health, and unhappiness can seem like permanent features of the social landscape. We describe an approach to such problems rooted in basic theory and research in social psychology. This approach emphasizes subjective meaning-making-working hypotheses people draw about themselves, other people, and social situations; how deleterious meanings can arise from social and cultural contexts; how interventions to change meanings can help people flourish; and how initial change can become embedded to alter the course of people's lives. We further describe how this approach relates to and complements other prominent approaches to social reform, which emphasize not subjective meaning-making but objective change in situations or in the habits and skills of individuals. In so doing, we provide a comprehensive theoretical review and organization of a psychologically informed approach to social problems, one that encompasses a wide-range of interventions and applies to diverse problem areas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
长期存在的社会问题，如成绩不佳、个人和群体间冲突、健康状况不佳和不幸福等，似乎是社会环境的固有特征。我们描述了一种基于社会心理学基础理论和研究的方法来解决这些问题。这种方法强调主观意义的形成——人们对自己、他人和社会情境的假设；有害意义如何源于社会和文化背景；改变意义的干预措施如何帮助人们茁壮成长；以及初始变化如何嵌入以改变人们生活的轨迹。我们进一步描述了这种方法如何与其他突出的社会改革方法相关联和互补，这些方法强调的不是主观意义的形成，而是情境中的客观变化，或者是个人习惯和技能的改变。这样，我们提供了一种全面的理论回顾和组织，即一种基于心理学的社会问题方法，它包含了广泛的干预措施，并适用于不同的问题领域。（APA，2018 年，所有权利保留）。
