Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State, Pullman, WA, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2018 Nov;39(11):862-873. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2018.09.003. Epub 2018 Oct 6.
Recent scientific breakthroughs have significantly expanded our understanding of arthropod vector immunity. Insights in the laboratory have demonstrated how the immune system provides resistance to infection, and in what manner innate defenses protect against a microbial assault. Less understood, however, is the effect of biotic and abiotic factors on microbial-vector interactions and the impact of the immune system on arthropod populations in nature. Furthermore, the influence of genetic plasticity on the immune response against vector-borne pathogens remains mostly elusive. Herein, we discuss evolutionary forces that shape arthropod vector immunity. We focus on resistance, pathogenicity and tolerance to infection. We posit that novel scientific paradigms should emerge when molecular immunologists and evolutionary ecologists work together.
最近的科学突破极大地拓展了我们对节肢动物媒介免疫的理解。实验室的研究结果表明了免疫系统如何提供抗感染能力，以及先天防御如何抵御微生物攻击。然而，人们对生物和非生物因素对微生物-媒介相互作用的影响以及免疫系统对自然界中节肢动物种群的影响知之甚少。此外，遗传可塑性对节肢动物媒介传播病原体免疫反应的影响在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。本文讨论了塑造节肢动物媒介免疫的进化力量。我们重点讨论了对感染的抵抗力、致病性和耐受性。我们认为，当分子免疫学家和进化生态学家共同努力时，应该会出现新的科学范例。
