Alexiadou Artemis, Lohndal Terje
Department of English and American Studies, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Leibniz-Zentrum Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Berlin, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2018 Sep 27;9:1719. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01719. eCollection 2018.
Language mixing is a ubiquitous phenomenon characterizing bilingual speakers. A frequent context where two languages are mixed is the word-internal level, demonstrating how tightly integrated the two grammars are in the mind of a speaker and how they adapt to each other. This raises the question of what the minimal unit of language mixing is, and whether or not this unit differs depending on what the languages are. Some scholars have argued that an uncategorized root serves as a unit, others argue that the unit needs to have been categorized prior to mixing. We will discuss the question of what the relevant unit for language mixing is by studying word-internal mixing in Cypriot Greek-English, English-Norwegian, Greek-English, Greek-German, and Spanish-German varieties that have been reported in the literature based on data from judgment experiments and spoken corpora. By understanding and modeling the units of language mixing across languages, we will gain insight into how languages adapt to each other word-internally, and what some possible outcomes of language contact are in the minds of speakers.
语言混合是双语者普遍存在的一种现象。两种语言混合的一个常见语境是词内层面，这表明两种语法在说话者的头脑中整合得多么紧密，以及它们如何相互适应。这就引出了一个问题：语言混合的最小单位是什么，以及这个单位是否因语言的不同而有所差异。一些学者认为未分类的词根是一个单位，另一些学者则认为这个单位在混合之前需要已经被分类。我们将通过研究塞浦路斯希腊语-英语、英语-挪威语、希腊语-英语、希腊语-德语和西班牙语-德语变体中的词内混合来讨论语言混合的相关单位问题，这些变体是基于判断实验和口语语料库的数据在文献中报道的。通过理解和建模跨语言的语言混合单位，我们将深入了解语言在词内层面是如何相互适应的，以及在说话者的头脑中语言接触的一些可能结果是什么。
