Martín-Pizarro Carmen, Posé David
Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Málaga, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Sep 25;9:1415. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01415. eCollection 2018.
Over the last few years, a series of tools for genome editing have been developed, allowing the introduction of precise changes into plant genomes. These have included Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR/Cas9, which is so far the most successful and commonly used approach for targeted and stable editing of DNA, due to its ease of use and low cost. CRISPR/Cas9 is now being widely used as a new plant breeding technique to improve commercially relevant crop species. Fruit ripening is a complex and genetically controlled developmental process that is essential for acquiring quality attributes of the fruit. Although the number of studies published to date using genome editing tools to molecularly understand or improve fruit ripening is scarce, in this review we discuss these achievements and how genome editing opens tremendous possibilities not only for functional studies of genes involved in fruit ripening, but also to generate non-transgenic plants with an improved fruit quality.
在过去几年里，一系列基因组编辑工具得以开发，能够将精确的改变引入植物基因组。这些工具包括锌指核酸酶（ZFNs）、转录激活样效应因子核酸酶（TALENs）以及CRISPR/Cas9，由于其使用简便且成本低廉，CRISPR/Cas9是目前用于DNA靶向和稳定编辑最为成功且常用的方法。CRISPR/Cas9现正被广泛用作一种新型植物育种技术，以改良具有商业价值的作物品种。果实成熟是一个复杂且受基因控制的发育过程，对于果实品质特性的形成至关重要。尽管迄今为止利用基因组编辑工具从分子层面理解或改良果实成熟的研究数量稀少，但在本综述中，我们将探讨这些成果，以及基因组编辑如何不仅为果实成熟相关基因的功能研究带来巨大可能性，还能培育出果实品质得到改善的非转基因植物。
