Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Nutrition in Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 13;15(10):2244. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102244.
The goal of this cross-sectional survey was to assess the level of knowledge on harmful effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and active smoking among socially-disadvantaged people in Poland. The study was conducted among 1817 respondents aged 18⁻59 years, who used aid services from local social care institutions in Piotrkowski district. Majority of the participants were aware of the fact that smoking may cause serious diseases and lung cancer (92%). However, those percentages were lower for awareness of ETS and health risk (69.4%) and for awareness of smoking/ETS-associated risk of stroke and heart attack (57%, 68%). The male respondents and smokers had much higher odds of lacking knowledge that smoking causes serious diseases and lung cancer compared to the females (OR = 1.47 and OR = 1.86; < 0.05) and non-smokers (OR = 2.35 and OR = 2.31; < 0.001). In addition, those with temporary jobs and the unemployed had a higher risk of lack of knowledge on smoking and lung cancer risk (OR = 2.14 and OR = 1.66; < 0.05) as well as ETS and the risk of stroke (OR = 1.52 and OR = 1.51; < 0.05) as compared to those with permanent jobs. The smokers who were aware of four health consequences of smoking indicated an intention to quit smoking within the next month more frequently when compared to those who did not have the knowledge on all of the analyzed harmful effects of tobacco use (19.7% vs. 13.1%; < 0.05). There is a need to improve knowledge on the dangers associated with active and passive smoking among socially disadvantaged populations.
本横断面调查的目的是评估波兰社会弱势群体对环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露和主动吸烟有害影响的认知水平。该研究在皮奥特尔科夫斯基区当地社会关怀机构接受援助服务的 1817 名年龄在 18 至 59 岁的受访者中进行。大多数参与者意识到吸烟可能导致严重疾病和肺癌（92%）。然而，对于 ETS 和健康风险（69.4%）以及吸烟/ETS 相关的中风和心脏病发作风险（57%，68%）的认知比例较低。与女性（OR=1.47 和 OR=1.86；<0.05）和非吸烟者（OR=2.35 和 OR=2.31；<0.001）相比，男性受访者和吸烟者对吸烟会导致严重疾病和肺癌的认知程度较低。此外，临时工和失业者对吸烟和肺癌风险（OR=2.14 和 OR=1.66；<0.05）以及 ETS 和中风风险（OR=1.52 和 OR=1.51；<0.05）的认知程度较低。与那些没有了解吸烟的所有四种健康后果的吸烟者相比，那些知道吸烟的四种健康后果的吸烟者表示更有可能在接下来的一个月内戒烟（19.7%比 13.1%；<0.05）。需要提高社会弱势群体对主动和被动吸烟相关危害的认知水平。
