Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et Appliqué/UFR-SVT/Université Ouaga I, Pr. Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Malar J. 2018 Oct 17;17(1):367. doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2516-x.
Using bacteria to express and deliver anti-parasite molecules in mosquitoes is among the list of genetic tools to control malaria. The introduction and spread of transgenic bacteria through wild adult mosquitoes is one of the major challenges of this strategy. In prospect of future field experiments, an open field study with blank (without bacteria) attractive sugar bait (ASB) was performed under the assumption that transgenic bacteria would be spread to all sugar fed mosquitoes.
Two types of ASB stations were developed, one with clay pots (CP) placed at mosquito resting sites and one with window entry traps (WET) placed inside inhabited houses. The ASB consisted in either glucose, honey or fruit cocktail solutions. In addition, mark-release-recapture (MRR) experiment of mosquitoes after feeding them with glucose was also conducted to check the proportion of the mosquito population that can be reached by the two ASB stations as well as its suitability to complement the ASB stations for disseminating bacteria.
Overall, 88% of the mosquitoes were collected in the WET_ASB. The CP_ASB stations were much less attractive with the highest average of 82 ± 11 mosquitoes/day in the CP near the wood piles. The proportions of sugar fed mosquitoes upon ASB were low in both type of ASB stations, ~ 2% and ~ 14% in WET and CP, respectively. Honey solution was the most attractive solution compared to the glucose and the fruit cocktail solutions. The recapture rate in the MRR experiment was low: ~ 4.1% over 7 days.
The WET_ASB looks promising to disseminate transgenic bacteria to endophilic West Africa Anopheles mosquito. However, this feeding station may not be fully effective and could be combined with the CP_ASB to also target outdoor resting mosquitoes. Overall, efforts are needed to improve the mosquito-feeding rates upon ASB.
利用细菌在蚊子体内表达和输送抗寄生虫分子是控制疟疾的基因工具之一。通过野生成蚊引入和传播转基因细菌是该策略的主要挑战之一。在未来野外实验的展望下，假设转基因细菌将传播到所有吸食糖的蚊子中，进行了一项带有空白（无细菌）诱食糖饵（ASB）的野外研究。
开发了两种类型的 ASB 站，一种是放置在蚊子栖息地的粘土罐（CP），另一种是放置在有人居住房屋内的窗户入口陷阱（WET）。ASB 由葡萄糖、蜂蜜或什锦水果溶液组成。此外，还对吸食葡萄糖的蚊子进行了标记释放-重捕（MRR）实验，以检查两种 ASB 站可以到达的蚊子种群比例及其适合补充 ASB 站以传播细菌的情况。
总体而言，88%的蚊子在 WET_ASB 中被收集。CP_ASB 站的吸引力要小得多，在靠近木堆的 CP 中，每天平均有 82±11 只蚊子。两种类型的 ASB 站中，吸食糖的蚊子比例都很低，WET 和 CP 分别约为 2%和 14%。与葡萄糖和什锦水果溶液相比，蜂蜜溶液是最具吸引力的溶液。MRR 实验中的重捕率较低：7 天内约为 4.1%。
WET_ASB 有望向嗜内栖西非疟蚊传播转基因细菌。然而，这种喂食站可能不完全有效，可以与 CP_ASB 结合使用，以覆盖户外栖息的蚊子。总体而言，需要努力提高蚊子对 ASB 的取食率。
