Nutrition Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, The National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
Faculty of Social Sciences/Health Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
Nutrients. 2018 Oct 17;10(10):1533. doi: 10.3390/nu10101533.
Fruit and vegetable intake has been associated with a reduced risk of many chronic diseases. These foods are the main dietary source of carotenoids. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between dietary intake and serum concentrations of α- and β-carotene in a sample of young Finnish children from the population-based birth cohort of the Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) Study. The current analysis comprised 3-day food records and serum samples from 207 children aged 1, 2 and 3 years. Spearman and partial correlations, as well as a cross-classification analyses, were used to assess the relationship between dietary intake and the corresponding biomarkers. Serum concentrations of α- and β-carotene were significantly higher among the 1-year-old compared to the 3-year-old children. Dietary intakes of α- and β-carotene correlated significantly with their respective serum concentrations in all age groups, the association being highest at the age of 1 year (α-carotene = 0.48; < 0.001 and β-carotene = 0.47; < 0.001), and lowest at the age of 3 years (α-carotene = 0.44; < 0.001 and β-carotene = 0.30; < 0.001). A cross-classification showed that 72⁻81% of the participants were correctly classified to the same or adjacent quartile, when comparing the reported dietary intakes and the concentrations of the corresponding carotenoid in serum. The 3-day food record seems to be reasonably valid in the assessment of root vegetable consumption among young Finnish children. Root vegetables were the main dietary source of both carotenoids in all age groups. The high consumption of commercial baby foods among the 1-year-old children was reflected in the relatively high dietary intake and serum concentration of both carotenoids.
水果和蔬菜的摄入与许多慢性疾病的风险降低有关。这些食物是类胡萝卜素的主要膳食来源。本研究的目的是评估饮食摄入与芬兰儿童血清中α-和β-胡萝卜素浓度之间的关系，该儿童样本来自基于人群的 1 型糖尿病预测和预防（DIPP）研究的出生队列。目前的分析包括 207 名 1、2 和 3 岁儿童的 3 天食物记录和血清样本。采用 Spearman 和偏相关分析以及交叉分类分析来评估饮食摄入与相应生物标志物之间的关系。与 3 岁儿童相比，1 岁儿童血清中α-和β-胡萝卜素浓度显著更高。在所有年龄组中，α-和β-胡萝卜素的膳食摄入量与相应血清浓度呈显著正相关，1 岁时相关性最高（α-胡萝卜素 = 0.48；<0.001 和 β-胡萝卜素 = 0.47；<0.001），3 岁时相关性最低（α-胡萝卜素 = 0.44；<0.001 和 β-胡萝卜素 = 0.30；<0.001）。交叉分类显示，在比较报告的饮食摄入量和血清中相应类胡萝卜素的浓度时，72%至 81%的参与者被正确分类到相同或相邻的四分位数。3 天食物记录在评估芬兰幼儿的根茎类蔬菜摄入量方面似乎具有相当的有效性。根茎类蔬菜是所有年龄组中两种类胡萝卜素的主要膳食来源。1 岁儿童中商业婴儿食品的高消费反映在两种类胡萝卜素的相对较高的膳食摄入量和血清浓度上。
