Regestein Lars, Klement Tobias, Grande Philipp, Kreyenschulte Dirk, Heyman Benedikt, Maßmann Tim, Eggert Armin, Sengpiel Robert, Wang Yumei, Wierckx Nick, Blank Lars M, Spiess Antje, Leitner Walter, Bolm Carsten, Wessling Matthias, Jupke Andreas, Rosenbaum Miriam, Büchs Jochen
1AVT-Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
8Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Oct 11;11:279. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1273-y. eCollection 2018.
Renewable raw materials in sustainable biorefinery processes pose new challenges to the manufacturing routes of platform chemicals. Beside the investigations of individual unit operations, the research on process chains, leading from plant biomass to the final products like lactic acid, succinic acid, and itaconic acid is increasing. This article presents a complete process chain from wooden biomass to the platform chemical itaconic acid. The process starts with the mechanical pretreatment of beech wood, which subsequently is subjected to chemo-catalytic biomass fractionation (OrganoCat) into three phases, which comprise cellulose pulp, aqueous hydrolyzed hemicellulose, and organic lignin solutions. Lignin is transferred to further chemical valorization. The aqueous phase containing oxalic acid as well as hemi-cellulosic sugars is treated by nanofiltration to recycle the acid catalyst back to the chemo-catalytic pretreatment and to concentrate the sugar hydrolysate. In a parallel step, the cellulose pulp is enzymatically hydrolyzed to yield glucose, which-together with the pentose-rich stream-can be used as a carbon source in the fermentation. The fermentation of the sugar fraction into itaconic acid can either be performed with the established fungi or with . Both fermentation concepts were realized and evaluated. For purification, (in situ) filtration, (in situ) extraction, and crystallization were investigated. The presented comprehensive examination and discussion of the itaconate synthesis process-as a case study-demonstrates the impact of realistic process conditions on product yield, choice of whole cell catalyst, chemocatalysts and organic solvent system, operation mode, and, finally, the selection of a downstream concept.
可持续生物精炼过程中的可再生原材料给平台化学品的制造路线带来了新的挑战。除了对单个单元操作进行研究外，从植物生物质到最终产品（如乳酸、琥珀酸和衣康酸）的工艺链研究也在增加。本文介绍了从木质生物质到平台化学品衣康酸的完整工艺链。该工艺始于山毛榉木材的机械预处理，随后将其进行化学催化生物质分馏（有机催化）分为三个相，包括纤维素纸浆、水解半纤维素水溶液和有机木质素溶液。木质素被转移到进一步的化学增值过程中。含有草酸以及半纤维素糖的水相通过纳滤进行处理，以将酸催化剂循环回化学催化预处理过程并浓缩糖水解产物。在并行步骤中，纤维素纸浆被酶解以产生葡萄糖，葡萄糖与富含戊糖的物流一起可作为发酵中的碳源。糖馏分发酵成衣康酸可以使用已有的真菌或使用……进行。两种发酵概念都已实现并进行了评估。对于纯化，研究了（原位）过滤、（原位）萃取和结晶。作为一个案例研究，本文对衣康酸合成过程进行了全面的考察和讨论，展示了实际工艺条件对产品收率、全细胞催化剂的选择、化学催化剂和有机溶剂体系、操作模式以及最终下游概念选择的影响。
