Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia.
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):405-414. doi: 10.22608/APO.2018333. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
The burden associated with the rising prevalence of myopia and high myopia, and the associated vision impairment and sight-threatening complications, has triggered the need to evaluate strategies to control the progression of myopia. We provide an overview of the literature on the use of optical (spectacles, contact lenses, and orthokeratology) and pharmaceutical approaches to slow progress of myopia. The evidence indicates that myopia progression can be slowed by varying degrees using these strategies. All approaches play a role in the management of myopia as needs and requirements of an individual vary based on age, suitability, affordability, safety of the approach, subjective needs of the individual, and rate of progression. This review also identifies and discusses the lack of long-term efficacy data and rebound on discontinuation of myopia control products.
近视和高度近视患病率不断上升所带来的负担，以及由此导致的视力损害和威胁视力的并发症，促使人们需要评估控制近视进展的策略。我们对使用光学（眼镜、隐形眼镜和角膜塑形术）和药物方法来减缓近视进展的文献进行了综述。证据表明，这些策略可以在不同程度上减缓近视的进展。所有方法都在近视管理中发挥作用，因为个体的需求和要求因年龄、适用性、可负担性、方法的安全性、个体的主观需求和进展速度而异。本综述还确定并讨论了缺乏长期疗效数据和近视控制产品停用后的反弹问题。
