Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.
Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jan;121:743-751. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.083. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
Natural polysaccharides, the abundant dietary components, show potent antitumor bioactivity in treatment and chemoprevention. Compared with traditional tumor therapy, natural polysaccharides are characterized by the low toxicity and immuno-regulation function. Recent researches have indicated that the anti-tumor of polysaccharides was partly attributable to modification in the composition of gut microbiota when polysaccharides were digested. Indeed, microbial dysbiosis or alteration of certain bacterial species has been reported in tumorigenesis. Natural polysaccharides intake can reverse such changes by enriching health-promoting bacteria and metabolite the intestine. In this review, we first summarize current knowledge on the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides, and demonstrate the relationship between bacteria and metabolite in the intestine tumorigenesis and microbial dysbiosis. Thereafter, and the "polysaccharides-gut microbiota" is put forward for polysaccharides to exhibit their antitumor activity, which may attribute to the improved leaky gut, avoided hypernutrition, and reinforced immune homeostasis, finally creating a systemic environment to lower the risks of tumor.
天然多糖作为丰富的膳食成分，在治疗和化学预防方面具有很强的抗肿瘤生物活性。与传统的肿瘤治疗相比，天然多糖的特点是低毒性和免疫调节功能。最近的研究表明，多糖在消化时对肠道微生物区系组成的改变部分归因于多糖的抗肿瘤作用。事实上，在肿瘤发生过程中已经报道了微生物失调或某些细菌种类的改变。天然多糖的摄入可以通过丰富有益健康的细菌和肠道代谢物来逆转这种变化。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了多糖的抗肿瘤活性的现有知识，并说明了肠道肿瘤发生和微生物失调中细菌和代谢物之间的关系。此后，提出了“多糖-肠道微生物群”的概念，认为多糖发挥其抗肿瘤活性可能归因于改善的肠漏、避免了营养过剩、增强了免疫稳态，最终创造了一个全身性的环境，降低了肿瘤的风险。
