Department of Paediatrics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių str. 2, LT-50009 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2018 Mar 12;54(1):2. doi: 10.3390/medicina54010002.
Sufficient vaccination coverage among children depends on parents' knowledge and attitudes towards immunization and their intention to have their children vaccinated. The objective of the study was to evaluate postpartum mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards children's immunization. It was a cross-sectional survey. The anonymous questionnaire was handed out to postpartum mothers selected at random in the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos from March to July of 2014. In total, 300 women were surveyed. The majority (63%) of respondents had higher education. The child was the first one for 49.7% of the mothers. The women indicated that their main sources of information about children's vaccination were the doctor, the Internet and mass media. Most respondents (87.3%) considered vaccine-preventable diseases to be dangerous but only 57.3% of them knew that vaccines provided efficient protection. Only 57% of the respondents considered vaccines to be safe but 75.3% thought that the benefits of vaccines were greater than the risks. We evaluated the knowledge as good in 36.3%, average in 41.3% and poor in 22.3% of mothers. Most of the respondents (81.3%) planned to immunize their child in the future with all the vaccines included in the national immunization program, however, 72.7% were worried about possible adverse events following vaccination. Of the mothers whose knowledge was evaluated as good, 74.8% had never refused or had doubts about having their child immunized (τ = -0.198, < 0.001). The mothers with better knowledge were also less likely to be concerned (τ = 0.211, < 0.001). Evaluation of postpartum mothers' knowledge and attitudes towards children's immunization could be the tool for better communication between health professionals and parents leading to increased vaccination rates.
儿童充分的疫苗接种覆盖率取决于父母对免疫接种的知识和态度，以及他们让孩子接种疫苗的意愿。本研究的目的是评估产后母亲对儿童免疫接种的知识和态度。这是一项横断面调查。2014 年 3 月至 7 月，在立陶宛健康科学大学考纳斯临床医院，我们随机选择产后母亲并分发匿名问卷进行调查。共调查了 300 名女性。大多数（63%）受访者受过高等教育。对于 49.7%的母亲来说，孩子是第一个孩子。女性表示，她们获得儿童疫苗接种信息的主要来源是医生、互联网和大众媒体。大多数受访者（87.3%）认为可通过疫苗预防的疾病很危险，但只有 57.3%的人知道疫苗能提供有效保护。只有 57%的受访者认为疫苗是安全的，但 75.3%的人认为疫苗的益处大于风险。我们评估了 36.3%的母亲具有良好的知识水平、41.3%的母亲具有中等水平的知识、22.3%的母亲具有较差的知识水平。大多数受访者（81.3%）计划在未来按照国家免疫计划为孩子接种所有疫苗，但 72.7%的人担心接种疫苗后可能出现不良反应。在知识评估良好的母亲中，74.8%的人从未拒绝或对为孩子接种疫苗表示怀疑（τ=-0.198，<0.001）。知识水平较高的母亲也不太担心（τ=0.211，<0.001）。评估产后母亲对儿童免疫接种的知识和态度可以作为卫生专业人员和家长之间更好沟通的工具，从而提高疫苗接种率。
