Department of Criminal Justice, University of Texas at San Antonio, 501 W. Cesar E. Chavez Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2019 Mar;22(4):672-680. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018002720. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
To assess access to healthy food retailers among formerly incarcerated individuals.
Using linked data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and the Modified Retail Food Environment Index, the present study applies multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between incarceration and (i) living in a food desert and (ii) having low access to healthy food retailers. To account for unobserved heterogeneity, additional analyses are performed comparing formerly incarcerated individuals with persons arrested or convicted for a crime but not previously incarcerated.
Sample of respondents living in urban census tracts in the USA.
Adults (n 10390) aged 24-34 years.
In adjusted logistic regression models, prior incarceration was not significantly associated with living in a food desert (OR=1·097; 95% CI 0·896, 1·343). Prior incarceration significantly increased the likelihood of living in a census tract with low access to healthy food retailers (OR=1·265; 95% CI 1·069, 1·498). This significant association remained when comparing formerly incarcerated individuals with those who had been arrested or convicted of a crime, but not previously incarcerated (OR=1·246; 95% CI 1·032, 1·503).
Formerly incarcerated individuals are more likely to live in areas with low access to healthy food retailers compared with their non-incarcerated counterparts. Because lower access healthy food retailers may be associated with worse health and dietary behaviour, disparities in local food retail environments may exacerbate health inequalities among formerly incarcerated individuals.
评估曾被监禁者获得健康食品零售商的情况。
本研究使用来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究和改良零售食品环境指数的关联数据，应用多元逻辑回归评估监禁与（i）生活在食品荒漠和（ii）获得健康食品零售商的机会低之间的关联。为了考虑未观察到的异质性，还对曾被监禁者与因犯罪被捕或被定罪但未被监禁的人进行了比较。
美国城市普查区的受访者样本。
年龄在 24-34 岁的成年人（n=10390）。
在调整后的逻辑回归模型中，先前的监禁与生活在食品荒漠中无显著关联（OR=1.097；95%CI 0.896，1.343）。先前的监禁显著增加了生活在获得健康食品零售商机会低的普查区的可能性（OR=1.265；95%CI 1.069，1.498）。当将曾被监禁者与那些因犯罪被捕或被定罪但未被监禁的人进行比较时，这种显著关联仍然存在（OR=1.246；95%CI 1.032，1.503）。
与未被监禁者相比，曾被监禁者更有可能生活在获得健康食品零售商机会低的地区。由于获得健康食品零售商的机会较低可能与更差的健康和饮食行为有关，因此当地食品零售环境的差异可能会加剧曾被监禁者的健康不平等。
