Abujabhah Ibrahim S, Doyle Richard B, Bound Sally A, Bowman John P
Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2019 Apr;112(4):615-632. doi: 10.1007/s10482-018-1191-9. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
This study determined the loading impacts of wood-based biochar on the eukaryotic community in three different soils (brown sandy loam-BSL, red loam-RL and a black clay loam-BCL) using a pot trial conducted over 10 months. Soil analysis and 18S rRNA gene sequencing performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform was carried out to evaluate the changes in eukaryotic community composition in relation to different added amounts of biochar. It was found that biochar addition had a negligible effect on diversity parameters in the brown sandy loam Kurosol (BSL) and red loam Dermosol (RL) soils. There were, however, significant changes in eukaryotic community composition of these biochar amended soils. These changes were most discernible in the lighter (low clay content) BSL soil for the fungal communities (F = 3.0106, p = 0.0003) present and also when total eukaryotes were considered (F = 2.3907, p = 0.0002). In this respect Glomeromycota seem to be slightly promoted in the lighter BSL soils, which might be due to increased soil porosity and soil chemical fertility. Clay rich BCL soil community structure correlated to a greater degree with soil chemistry influenced by biochar addition. The results showed that soil microeukaryotes were affected by short term carbon amendment, though to a limited extent. The limited effect of biochar loading rates on the soil microbiology could be due to the short incubation period, the lack of added fertiliser nutrients, and also the inherent stability of the soil eukaryotic community. The data suggested the impacts that were observed however included important plant symbiotic organisms. The results also imply biochar applications at different loading levels have differential effects on soil microeurokaryotes in relation to soil properties in particular clay content.
本研究通过为期10个月的盆栽试验，确定了木质生物炭对三种不同土壤（棕色砂壤土-BSL、红壤-RL和黑色粘壤土-BCL）中真核生物群落的负载影响。使用Illumina MiSeq平台进行土壤分析和18S rRNA基因测序，以评估与不同添加量生物炭相关的真核生物群落组成变化。研究发现，添加生物炭对棕色砂壤土（BSL）和红壤（RL）土壤的多样性参数影响可忽略不计。然而，这些添加生物炭的土壤中真核生物群落组成发生了显著变化。这些变化在较轻（低粘土含量）的BSL土壤中，对于存在的真菌群落（F = 3.0106，p = 0.0003）以及考虑总真核生物时（F = 2.3907，p = 0.0002）最为明显。在这方面，球囊菌门在较轻的BSL土壤中似乎略有促进，这可能是由于土壤孔隙度和土壤化学肥力增加所致。富含粘土的BCL土壤群落结构与受生物炭添加影响的土壤化学有更大程度的相关性。结果表明，土壤微型真核生物受到短期碳添加的影响，尽管程度有限。生物炭负载率对土壤微生物学的有限影响可能是由于孵育期短、缺乏添加的肥料养分以及土壤真核生物群落的固有稳定性。然而，数据表明观察到的影响包括重要的植物共生生物。结果还意味着不同负载水平的生物炭应用对土壤微型真核生物的影响因土壤性质特别是粘土含量而异。
