Natural History Museum and Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia.
Mol Ecol Resour. 2019 Jan;19(1):47-76. doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12959. Epub 2018 Dec 4.
High-throughput identification technologies provide efficient tools for understanding the ecology and functioning of microorganisms. Yet, these methods have been only rarely used for monitoring and testing ecological hypotheses in plant pathogens and pests in spite of their immense importance in agriculture, forestry and plant community dynamics. The main objectives of this manuscript are the following: (a) to provide a comprehensive overview about the state-of-the-art high-throughput quantification and molecular identification methods used to address population dynamics, community ecology and host associations of microorganisms, with a specific focus on antagonists such as pathogens, viruses and pests; (b) to compile available information and provide recommendations about specific protocols and workable primers for bacteria, fungi, oomycetes and insect pests; and (c) to provide examples of novel methods used in other microbiological disciplines that are of great potential use for testing specific biological hypotheses related to pathology. Finally, we evaluate the overall perspectives of the state-of-the-art and still evolving methods for diagnostics and population- and community-level ecological research of pathogens and pests.
高通量鉴定技术为理解微生物的生态和功能提供了有效的工具。然而，尽管这些方法在农业、林业和植物群落动态中具有重要意义，但在植物病原体和害虫的监测和检验生态假说方面，这些方法的应用却非常少。本文的主要目的如下：（a）提供一个全面的概述，介绍用于解决微生物种群动态、群落生态和宿主关系的高通量定量和分子鉴定方法的最新进展，特别关注拮抗剂如病原体、病毒和害虫；（b）汇编有关细菌、真菌、卵菌和昆虫害虫的具体协议和可行引物的可用信息，并提供建议；（c）提供在其他微生物学领域中使用的新方法的示例，这些方法对于检验与病理学相关的特定生物学假设具有很大的潜在用途。最后，我们评估了用于病原体和害虫的诊断以及种群和群落水平生态研究的最新技术和仍在发展中的方法的总体前景。
