Department of Psychology.
San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego.
Dev Psychol. 2019 Jan;55(1):9-22. doi: 10.1037/dev0000617. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
The present research extends recent work on the prediction of preschool language skills by exploring prediction from decontextualized vocabulary comprehension. Vocabulary comprehension was a stronger predictor than parent-reported production, yielding a quadrupling of variance accounted for relative to prior studies. Parallel studies (Studies 1 and 2) are reported for two linguistically and geographically distinct samples. In both samples, decontextualized vocabulary comprehension late in the second year provided the best balance between model fit and parsimony in predicting language skills at age three. In Study 3, vocabulary comprehension prospectively identified children with low language status 2 years earlier than other prospective studies but with similar sensitivity and specificity. The present paper provides evidence on three questions of practical and theoretical significance: the relation between decontextualized vocabulary prior to 30 months of age and language outcomes, how prediction from decontextualized vocabulary compares with parent-reported vocabulary, and finally how early stable predictions to language outcomes can be made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究通过探索去语境化词汇理解的预测，扩展了近期关于预测学前语言技能的研究。词汇理解是比家长报告的产出更好的预测指标，与之前的研究相比，解释变量的方差增加了四倍。为两个具有不同语言和地理位置的样本报告了平行研究（研究 1 和 2）。在两个样本中，第二年后期的去语境化词汇理解在预测三岁时的语言技能方面提供了最佳的模型拟合和简约性之间的平衡。在研究 3 中，词汇理解比其他前瞻性研究提前 2 年预测到语言水平较低的儿童，但敏感性和特异性相似。本文提供了三个具有实际和理论意义的问题的证据：30 个月前的去语境化词汇与语言结果之间的关系、去语境化词汇预测与家长报告词汇的预测相比如何，以及如何尽早对语言结果做出稳定的预测。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
