Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania.
Northern Zone Blood Transfusion Centre, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0206487. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206487. eCollection 2018.
Blood is an important requirement in different medical and surgical conditions with half of all donations are from developing countries. Lack of eligibility among blood donors who present for blood transfusion, called blood donor deferral is associated with the unsustainable and inadequate amount of blood collected by blood banks worldwide. However, the prevalence and causes of blood donor deferrals are not well known in Tanzania where less than one-third of actual needs of blood is collected, leading to unmet demand of blood for transfusion, and causing unwanted morbidity and mortality.
This was a retrospective analysis of blood donors at northern zone blood transfusion center, Tanzania from January to December. 2016. Donor's data were transferred to Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS) program version 20.0 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize data and comparisons made by type of donor and deferrals using Chi-square test.
A total of 14377 participants were studied whereby 12775 (88.9%) were voluntary non-remunerated blood donors. The blood donor deferral rate was 12.7% and deferral was significantly more likely in females, with increasing age above 31 years, who came from nearby regions from where the blood bank is located and/or a family replacement donor (P value <0.01). Overall, infections contributed to 62% of all deferrals and low hemoglobin was the leading cause of temporary deferrals while Hepatitis B lead the permanent deferral causes.
Blood donor deferral is a significant problem in northern Tanzania and accounts for more than one-tenth of all prospective blood donors. Latent and active infections are the leading cause of blood donor deferrals, a picture that mirrors other low income countries especially those located in sub-Saharan Africa. Results of this study calls for appropriate preventive interventions to address prevalent causes of deferrals such as infections with HIV and HBV to tackle low hemoglobin.
在不同的医疗和外科条件下，血液是一个重要的需求，其中一半的献血来自发展中国家。在需要输血的献血者中，由于不符合献血条件而被拒绝献血的情况很常见，这与全球血库采集的血液数量不可持续且不足有关。然而，在坦桑尼亚，献血者被拒绝献血的情况并不为人所知，那里的献血量不到实际需求的三分之一，导致血液供应不足，造成不必要的发病率和死亡率。
这是对 2016 年 1 月至 12 月期间坦桑尼亚北部地区血库中心的献血者进行的回顾性分析。将献血者的数据输入到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）程序版本 20.0 中进行分析。采用描述性统计方法对数据进行总结，并通过献血类型和被拒绝献血的原因进行比较，采用卡方检验。
共研究了 14377 名参与者，其中 12775 名（88.9%）为自愿、非报酬性的献血者。献血者的拒绝率为 12.7%，女性、年龄在 31 岁以上、来自血库所在地附近地区的人以及/或家庭替代献血者被拒绝的可能性更大（P 值<0.01）。总的来说，感染占所有拒绝献血的 62%，低血红蛋白是导致暂时拒绝献血的主要原因，而乙型肝炎则是导致永久拒绝献血的主要原因。
在坦桑尼亚北部，献血者被拒绝献血是一个严重的问题，占所有潜在献血者的十分之一以上。潜伏和活跃的感染是献血者被拒绝的主要原因，这种情况与其他低收入国家，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲的国家相似。本研究的结果呼吁采取适当的预防干预措施，解决感染艾滋病毒和乙肝等常见的拒绝献血原因，以解决低血红蛋白问题。
