Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 30016-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
School of Applied and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, P.O Box 90420,-80100, Mombasa, Kenya.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 13;24(1):2197. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19535-1.
Both pre-donation and post-donation deferrals pose challenges to blood safety and availability. This study delved into the deferral rates before donations and their underlying reasons, as, transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) leading to post-donation deferrals among potential blood donors at the Kwale Satellite Blood Transfusion Centre (KSBTC) in Kenya.
We performed a retrospective electronic record review of pre- and post-donation deferrals among blood donors at KSBTC, 2018-2022. The pre-donations deferral rate and reasons for deferral were analyzed. Accepted donations were analyzed to determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and syphilis. Descriptive statistics were calculated and both crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Variables with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
A review was conducted on 12,633 blood donation records. Among these, individuals 2,729/12,633 (21.60%) were deferred from donating with the primary reason being low hemoglobin levels, constituting 51.86% of deferrals. Around 773/9,904 (7.80%) of blood units, were discarded due to at least one TTI. Among these, HBV accounted for 4.73%, HIV for 2.01%, HCV for 1.21%, and Syphilis for 0.59% of cases. The adjusted odds ratio for male donors were, (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.01-1.57), donors with none or primary education level (aOR = 1.4 95% CI 1.11-1.68), first-timer donors (aOR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.01-1.44), and static strategy for blood collection (aOR = 1.4, 95%CI 1.12-1.63) were independently potentially associated with testing positive for at least one TTI.
The study indicates that TTIs continue to pose a risk to the safety of Kenya's bloodstock, with a notable prevalence of HBV infections. Male donors, individuals with limited education, first-time donors, and utilizing a fixed strategy for blood collection were identified as potential risk factors independently associated with TTIs.
献血前和献血后延迟都会对血液安全和可用性造成挑战。本研究深入探讨了肯尼亚夸莱卫星输血中心（KSBTC）潜在献血者在献血前和献血后的延迟率及其背后的原因，导致献血后延迟的原因是输血传播感染（TTI）。
我们对 2018 年至 2022 年期间 KSBTC 的献血者进行了回顾性电子记录审查。分析了献血前的延迟率和延迟原因。对接受的献血进行了分析，以确定 HIV、乙型肝炎（HBV）、丙型肝炎（HCV）和梅毒的流行情况。计算了描述性统计数据，并计算了粗比值比（COR）和调整比值比（AOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。p 值<0.05 的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
对 12633 份献血记录进行了审查。其中，2729/12633（21.60%）人因低血红蛋白水平而被延迟献血，占延迟人数的 51.86%。约有 773/9904（7.80%）份血液因至少一种 TTI 而被丢弃。其中，HBV 占 4.73%，HIV 占 2.01%，HCV 占 1.21%，梅毒占 0.59%。男性献血者的调整后比值比为（aOR=1.3，95%CI 1.01-1.57），无或小学教育水平的献血者（aOR=1.4，95%CI 1.11-1.68），首次献血者（aOR=1.2，95%CI 1.01-1.44），以及固定采血策略（aOR=1.4，95%CI 1.12-1.63）与至少一种 TTI 检测呈阳性独立相关。
该研究表明，TTI 继续对肯尼亚的血液安全构成威胁，HBV 感染的流行率显著。男性献血者、受教育程度有限的个体、首次献血者和使用固定采血策略被确定为与 TTI 独立相关的潜在危险因素。
