Bunting Amanda M, Staton Michele, Winston Erin, Pangburn Kevin
1 University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
2 Kentucky Department of Corrections, Lexington, USA.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2019 Apr;63(5):712-733. doi: 10.1177/0306624X18808685. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Criminological research has tended to consider employment in a dichotomy of employed versus unemployed. The current research examines a sample of individuals 1-year post-release to assess the extent to which four distinct employment categories (full-time, part-time, disabled, and unemployed) are associated with reincarceration and days remaining in the community. Findings indicate disabled individuals remain in the community longer and at a higher proportion compared with other employment categories. Furthermore, unique protective and risk factors are found to be associated with each employment category while some risk factors (e.g., homelessness) highlight the importance of addressing reentry barriers regardless as to employment status.
犯罪学研究倾向于将就业视为就业与失业的二分法。当前的研究调查了一批释放后一年的个体样本，以评估四种不同的就业类别（全职、兼职、残疾和失业）与再次入狱以及在社区剩余天数之间的关联程度。研究结果表明，与其他就业类别相比，残疾个体在社区中停留的时间更长，比例更高。此外，发现每个就业类别都有独特的保护因素和风险因素，而一些风险因素（如无家可归）凸显了无论就业状况如何都要消除重新融入障碍的重要性。
