Park Jungsun, Kim Yangho, Han Boyoung
Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
Saf Health Work. 2018 Mar;9(1):75-78. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.06.005. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
To identify work sectors with high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in Korean men and women.
We analyzed nationwide data to identify ergonomic risk factors in Korean employees. In particular, we analyzed data on exposure to five ergonomic risk factors (painful/tiring postures, lifting/moving heavy materials, standing/walking, repetitive hand/arm movements, and hand/arm vibration) according to employment sector, sex, and age, using the 2014 Fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey. We also used workers' compensation data on work-related MSDs in 2010, which is available by sex.
The different work sectors had different gender distributions. "Manufacturing" (27.7%) and "construction" (11.3%) were dominated by males, whereas "human health and social work activities" (12.4%), "hotel and restaurants" (11.7%), and "education" (10.4%) were dominated by females. However, "wholesale and retail trade" and "public administration and defense" employed large numbers of males and females. Furthermore, the work sectors with a greater proportion of work-related MSDs and with multiple ergonomic risk factors were different for men and women. For men, "construction" and "manufacturing" had the highest risk for work-related MSDs; for women, "hotel and restaurants" had the highest risk for work-related MSDs.
Ergonomic interventions for workers should consider gender and should focus on work sectors with high risk for MSDs, with multiple ergonomic risk factors, and with the largest number of workers.
识别韩国男性和女性中与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)高风险的工作部门。
我们分析了全国性数据以确定韩国员工的人体工程学风险因素。具体而言,我们根据就业部门、性别和年龄,使用2014年第四次韩国工作条件调查,分析了关于暴露于五种人体工程学风险因素(疼痛/疲劳姿势、搬运重物、站立/行走、重复性手部/手臂动作以及手部/手臂振动)的数据。我们还使用了2010年按性别划分的与工作相关的MSD的工伤赔偿数据。
不同工作部门的性别分布不同。“制造业”(27.7%)和“建筑业”(11.3%)以男性为主,而“人类健康和社会工作活动”(12.4%)、“酒店和餐饮”(11.7%)以及“教育”(10.4%)以女性为主。然而,“批发和零售业”以及“公共管理和国防”雇佣了大量男性和女性。此外,男性和女性中与工作相关的MSD比例较高且存在多种人体工程学风险因素的工作部门有所不同。对于男性,“建筑业”和“制造业”与工作相关的MSD风险最高;对于女性,“酒店和餐饮”与工作相关的MSD风险最高。
针对工人的人体工程学干预应考虑性别,并应关注MSD风险高、存在多种人体工程学风险因素且工人数量最多的工作部门。