Bank Paulina J M, Marinus Johan, Meskers Carel G M, de Groot Jurriaan H, van Hilten Jacobus J
Department of Neurology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands.
Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2017 Sep 13;4(6):875-883. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12536. eCollection 2017 Nov-Dec.
Evaluation of therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) may benefit from objective quantification of the separate movement components of bradykinesia (i.e., velocity, amplitude, and rhythm). This study evaluated the sensitivity and reliability of parameters derived from recently available optical hand tracking techniques for patient-friendly, automated quantification of bradykinesia of the upper extremity in PD.
Fifty-seven patients with PD and 57 healthy individuals (controls) performed repetitive finger tapping (RFT), alternating hand movements (AHM), and alternating forearm movements (AFM). Movement components of bradykinesia (i.e., velocity, frequency, amplitude, hesitations, and halts) were quantified using optical hand tracking. Reliability was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients in a subgroup of 12 patients with PD and 12 controls (test-retest) and in all 57 controls (intra-trial).
RFT and AHM were successfully recorded in 94% of all participants. Movement components differed between patients with PD and controls and were correlated with clinical ratings. Velocity and halt duration appeared to be most useful (i.e., the largest difference between the PD and control groups, good reliability) for the quantification of RFT, whereas frequency appeared to be most useful for the quantification of AHM. Other variables, such as frequency and amplitude of RFT, showed poor test-retest reliability, because they were susceptible to changes in movement strategy. AFM was excluded from the analysis because of problems with hand recognition.
Novel optical hand tracking techniques yield promising results for patient-friendly quantification of bradykinesia of the upper extremity in PD. Future work should aim to optimize optical hand tracking and reduce susceptibility to changes in strategy.
帕金森病（PD）治疗方法的评估可能受益于对运动迟缓的各个运动成分（即速度、幅度和节律）进行客观量化。本研究评估了从最近可用的光学手部跟踪技术得出的参数对于上肢运动迟缓进行患者友好型自动量化的敏感性和可靠性。
57例帕金森病患者和57名健康个体（对照）进行了重复手指敲击（RFT）、双手交替运动（AHM）和双侧前臂交替运动（AFM）。使用光学手部跟踪对运动迟缓的运动成分（即速度、频率、幅度、犹豫和停顿）进行量化。在12例帕金森病患者和12名对照的亚组中（重测）以及在所有57名对照中（试验内）使用组内相关系数对可靠性进行量化。
94%的参与者成功记录了RFT和AHM。帕金森病患者和对照之间的运动成分不同，并且与临床评分相关。速度和停顿持续时间似乎对RFT的量化最有用（即帕金森病组和对照组之间差异最大，可靠性良好），而频率似乎对AHM的量化最有用。RFT的其他变量，如频率和幅度，重测可靠性较差，因为它们易受运动策略变化的影响。由于手部识别问题，AFM被排除在分析之外。
新型光学手部跟踪技术在上肢运动迟缓的患者友好型量化方面产生了有前景的结果。未来的工作应旨在优化光学手部跟踪并降低对策略变化的敏感性。
