气象因素与跌倒:系统评价。

Meteorological factors to fall: a systematic review.

机构信息

School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.

出版信息

Int J Biometeorol. 2018 Dec;62(12):2073-2088. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1627-y. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Abstract

There existed systematic review on studies investigating the association between hip fractures and external risk factors including meteorological factors. Albeit the fact that most serious common fall injury is a hip fracture, it cannot account for all injuries forms of fall. There was a lack of systematic review covering all fall-related injury or deaths to thoroughly summarise meteorological aspects of fall. This study aimed to systematically review epidemiological studies of fall and fall-related circumstances without restriction to hip fracture. A systematic search in three databases, namely PubMed, CINAHL Plus and EMBASE, was performed. Searches in two Chinese databases named the Wanfang Med Online and the China Journal Net were done in addition. A total of 29 studies were identified. The study site, fall cases identification, meteorological factors and findings of all the selected studies were being extracted. The quality of the studies was critically appraised. We identified some of the environmental risk factors to fall among those studies. Ranging from the lower ambient temperature, the presence of snow cover, seasonal factors, and time of the day to location of fall, these factors have different levels of impact related to higher incidence or mortality of fall. To conclude, a better understanding of injury mechanisms is a prerequisite for preventive interventions.

摘要

已有系统评价研究调查了髋部骨折与包括气象因素在内的外部风险因素之间的关联。尽管大多数严重的常见跌倒损伤是髋部骨折,但它并不能解释所有的跌倒损伤形式。缺乏涵盖所有与跌倒相关的损伤或死亡的系统评价,无法全面总结与跌倒相关的气象方面。本研究旨在系统地综述跌倒和与跌倒相关情况的流行病学研究,不局限于髋部骨折。在三个数据库(PubMed、CINAHL Plus 和 EMBASE)中进行了系统搜索,并在中国的两个数据库(万方医学在线和中国期刊网)中进行了搜索。共确定了 29 项研究。提取了所有选定研究的研究地点、跌倒病例识别、气象因素和研究结果。对研究的质量进行了批判性评价。我们在这些研究中确定了一些与跌倒相关的环境风险因素。从较低的环境温度、有积雪覆盖、季节性因素和一天中的时间到跌倒的位置,这些因素与较高的跌倒发生率或死亡率相关,其影响程度不同。总之,更好地了解损伤机制是预防干预的前提。

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