London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H9SH, United Kingdom.
Addict Behav. 2019 Mar;90:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Exploring perceptions, experiences and determinants of youth gambling is crucial for understanding both the impact of youth gambling now and the antecedents of future behaviour. Qualitative research plays an important role in exploring these processes, yet to date, there has been no systematic review of qualitative scientific literature of youth gambling behaviour. A rapid review of three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and grey literature was conducted to map what qualitative research has been conducted, to identify gaps and discern emerging theories or themes about youth gambling behaviour. Peer-reviewed studies were included if they qualitatively explored youth experiences or perceptions of gambling. Narrative and thematic synthesis identified key descriptive and analytical themes covered by the studies. From 75 studies, 21 papers were included. Studies focused on youth perceptions of gambling (including advertising) and/or the factors shaping behaviour. Those which examined perceptions highlighted the normalcy of gambling in the minds of youth and its embeddedness in everyday life but also ambiguity and nuance around their differing perceptions of what gambling is. Studies emphasised the relationship between people (family, peers), place, technology and advertising as key facilitators of behaviour. This review shows young people's perceptions of gambling differs from legal and legislative definitions, which risks underestimating the nature and extent of youth gambling behaviour. There are also notable gaps in knowledge, specifically around the role of technology in shaping gambling behaviours beyond consideration of access and availability. There is a pressing need to better understand the whole techno-ecosystem in which gambling is situated and young people's relationship with it to understand youth gambling.
探索青少年赌博的看法、经验和决定因素对于了解青少年赌博的当前影响和未来行为的前兆至关重要。定性研究在探索这些过程中起着重要作用，但迄今为止，关于青少年赌博行为的定性科学文献还没有系统的综述。对三个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science）和灰色文献进行了快速审查，以绘制已进行的定性研究，确定差距，并发现有关青少年赌博行为的新兴理论或主题。如果研究定性地探讨了青少年对赌博的经验或看法，则包括同行评议的研究。叙述性和主题性综合确定了研究涵盖的关键描述性和分析性主题。从 75 项研究中，纳入了 21 篇论文。研究侧重于青少年对赌博（包括广告）的看法和/或塑造行为的因素。那些检查看法的研究强调了赌博在年轻人心目中的正常性及其在日常生活中的嵌入性，但也强调了他们对赌博的不同看法的模糊性和细微差别。研究强调了人与（家庭、同龄人）、地点、技术和广告之间的关系是行为的关键促进因素。这项综述表明，年轻人对赌博的看法与法律和立法定义不同，这可能低估了青少年赌博行为的性质和程度。知识方面也存在明显的差距，特别是在技术在塑造赌博行为方面的作用，超出了对获取和可用性的考虑。迫切需要更好地了解赌博所处的整个技术生态系统以及年轻人与之的关系，以了解青少年赌博。
