老年人家庭无障碍与住宅迁移。
Household Accessibility and Residential Relocation in Older Adults.
机构信息
Department of Community-Public Health, Center for Innovative Care in Aging, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2019 Sep 15;74(7):e72-e83. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gby131.
OBJECTIVES
It is unclear how home environmental factors influence relocation decisions. We examined whether indoor accessibility, entrance accessibility, bathroom safety features, housing type, and housing condition were associated with relocations either within the community or to residential care facilities.
METHODS
We used prospective data over 4 years from the nationally representative National Health and Aging Trends Study in the United States of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older living in the community (N = 7,197). We used multinomial regression analysis with survey weights.
RESULTS
Over the 4 years, 8.2% of the population moved within the community, and 3.9% moved to residential care facilities. After adjusting for demographics and health factors, poor indoor accessibility was found to be associated with moves within the community but not to residential care facilities. No additional home environmental factors were associated with relocation.
DISCUSSION
One-floor dwellings, access to a lift, or having a kitchen, bedroom, and bathroom on the same floor may help older adults age in place. Understanding which modifiable home environmental factors trigger late-life relocation, and to where, has practical implications for developing policies and programs to help older adults age in their place of choice.
目的
家庭环境因素如何影响搬迁决策尚不清楚。我们研究了室内可达性、入口可达性、浴室安全设施、住房类型和住房状况是否与在社区内或搬迁到养老院有关。
方法
我们使用了来自美国全国健康老龄化趋势研究的前瞻性数据，该研究在社区中（N=7197）对 65 岁及以上的医疗保险受益人进行了为期 4 年的随访。我们使用了带有调查权重的多项回归分析。
结果
在 4 年期间，有 8.2%的人口在社区内搬迁，3.9%的人口搬迁到养老院。在调整了人口统计学和健康因素后，发现室内可达性差与在社区内搬迁有关，但与搬迁到养老院无关。没有其他家庭环境因素与搬迁有关。
讨论
一层住宅、有电梯通道、或厨房、卧室和浴室在同一层，可能有助于老年人就地养老。了解哪些可修改的家庭环境因素会引发老年人的晚年搬迁，以及搬迁到何处，对制定政策和方案以帮助老年人在其选择的地点养老具有实际意义。
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