University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Brain Cogn. 2019 Jul;133:54-59. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Stress pervades everyday life and more importantly, affects prefrontal cortices that support executive control functions, processes that are critical to learning and memory as well as a range of life outcomes. The positive or negative effect of stress on cognition depends on an interaction of factors related to the situation and the individual. Research has shown that psychological characteristics related to self-relevance and the availability of resources may lead individuals to perceive a stressor as a threat or challenge, driving performance outcomes. Given that perception is arguably the key to stress reactivity, positive affect and self-belief constructs are discussed in the context of how they may lead to preserved performance in the face of stress. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of stress perception could inform the development of interventions, a socially important endeavor given the impact of stress on health and cognitive functions.
压力充斥于日常生活中，更重要的是，它会影响支持执行控制功能的前额皮质，而这些功能对学习和记忆以及一系列生活结果至关重要。压力对认知的积极或消极影响取决于与情况和个体相关的一系列因素的相互作用。研究表明，与自我相关性和资源可用性相关的心理特征可能导致个体将压力源视为威胁或挑战，从而影响表现结果。考虑到感知可能是压力反应的关键，因此本文将在积极情绪和自我信念结构的背景下讨论它们如何在面对压力时保持表现。了解压力感知的潜在机制可以为干预措施的发展提供信息，鉴于压力对健康和认知功能的影响，这是一项具有重要社会意义的努力。
