Brodin Lennart, Shupliakov Oleg
Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet (KI), Stockholm, Sweden.
Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Front Synaptic Neurosci. 2018 Oct 24;10:37. doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00037. eCollection 2018.
The retromer complex mediates export of select transmembrane proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) or to the plasma membrane. Dysfunction of retromer has been linked with slowly progressing neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (AD and PD). As these disorders affect synapses it is of key importance to clarify the function of retromer-dependent protein trafficking pathways in pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Here we discuss recent insights into the roles of retromer in the trafficking of synaptic vesicle proteins, neurotransmitter receptors and other synaptic proteins. We also consider evidence that implies synapses as sites of early pathology in neurodegenerative disorders, pointing to a possible role of synaptic retromer dysfunction in the initiation of disease.
回收体复合物介导特定跨膜蛋白从内体向反式高尔基体网络（TGN）或质膜的转运。回收体功能障碍与包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病（AD和PD）在内的缓慢进展性神经退行性疾病有关。由于这些疾病会影响突触，因此阐明回收体依赖性蛋白转运途径在突触前和突触后区室中的功能至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了关于回收体在突触小泡蛋白、神经递质受体和其他突触蛋白转运中的作用的最新见解。我们还考虑了暗示突触是神经退行性疾病早期病理部位的证据，这表明突触回收体功能障碍在疾病起始中可能起作用。
