Maxton D G, Cynk E U, Thompson R P
Gut. 1987 Jun;28(6):688-93. doi: 10.1136/gut.28.6.688.
The effect of oral isocaloric feeding on small intestinal structure and function was studied in the rat. The liquid 'elemental' enteral feed Vivonex HN, the liquid 'complete' feed Ensure and the same liquid complete feed with 9% bulk Enrich were compared with solid chow containing 21% bulk (normal rat chow), all given for four weeks. Weight gain was significantly less in the group fed Vivonex HN than that of any other groups. The bulkless Vivonex HN and Ensure increased proximal jejunal mass compared to Enrich with 9% bulk or to normal rat chow. Jejunal mucosal DNA and protein levels also tended to be higher in Ensure and Vivonex HN fed animals, as was jejunal sugar absorption. In the terminal ileum, however, total weight was decreased by both elemental and complete feeds with and without bulk, but particularly by the elemental diet. Bulkless feeds therefore increase jejunal and reduce terminal ileal mass. The striking atrophy of the terminal ileum produced by the elemental diet may be important for its efficacy in treating inflammatory bowel disease.
在大鼠中研究了口服等热量喂养对小肠结构和功能的影响。将液体“要素”肠内营养制剂Vivonex HN、液体“全营养”制剂Ensure以及添加了9%膳食纤维的相同液体全营养制剂Enrich与含有21%膳食纤维的固体饲料（正常大鼠饲料）进行比较，所有饲料均喂养四周。喂养Vivonex HN的组体重增加显著低于其他任何组。与添加9%膳食纤维的Enrich或正常大鼠饲料相比，无膳食纤维的Vivonex HN和Ensure增加了空肠近端质量。喂养Ensure和Vivonex HN的动物空肠黏膜DNA和蛋白质水平以及空肠糖吸收也往往更高。然而，在回肠末端，无论有无膳食纤维，要素和全营养饲料都会使总重量降低，但要素饮食尤为明显。因此，无膳食纤维的饲料会增加空肠质量并减少回肠末端质量。要素饮食导致的回肠末端显著萎缩可能对其治疗炎症性肠病的疗效很重要。
